Hongkou District


, formerly spelled Hongkew, is a district of Shanghai, forming part of the northern urban core. It has a land area of and a population of 852,476 as of 2010.
It is the location of the Astor House Hotel, Broadway Mansions, Lu Xun Park, and Hongkou Football Stadium. It was once known as Shanghai's "Little Tokyo"
Hongkou is home to the Shanghai International Studies University, the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, and the 1933 Old Millfun.

History

During the Tang dynasty, the area in modern Hongkou District have been a beach included in a seawall near the East China Sea. In the early Ming dynasty, it was started known as 黃埔口 or 洪口, as there is a river mouth debouched into the Huangpu River, in the early Qing dynasty, it was renamed as 虹口.
In 1845, an American bishop W. J. Boone bought an area in there, it was later evolved as the American Concession in Shanghai in 1848 and merged into the International Concession in 1863, it was in large part reduced to rubble during the Second World war when Shanghai was occupied by the Japanese. 20,000 Ashkenazi Jewish refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe lived in an overcrowded square-mile section known to as the Shanghai Ghetto, in the Tilanqiao neighborhood of Hongkew.
In 1947, it was renamed as Hongkou District.

Subdistricts

Hongkou is responsible for the administration of the following subdistricts.
NameChinese Hanyu PinyinShanghainese RomanizationPopulation Area
Ouyang Road Subdistrict欧阳路街道Ōuyánglù Jiēdàooe yan lu ka do73,3281.67
Quyang Road Subdistrict曲阳路街道Qūyánglù Jiēdàochioq yan lu ka do102,5643.05
Guangzhong Road Subdistrict广中路街道Guǎngzhōnglù Jiēdàokuaon tzon lu ka do122,6692.89
Jiaxing Road Subdistrict嘉兴路街道Jiāxìnglù Jiēdàocia ka xin lu ka do125,6342.63
Liangcheng Xincun Subdistrict凉城新村街道Liángchéng Xīncūn Jiēdàolian zen sin tsen ka do98,0943.14
Sichuan North Road Subdistrict四川北路街道Sìchuānběilù Jiēdàosy tseu poq lu ka do87,4012.33
Tilanqiao Subdistrict提篮桥街道Tílán qiáo Jiēdàotiq leh djio ka do113,7512.36
Jiangwanzhen Subdistrict江湾镇街道Jiāngwānzhèn Jiēdàokaon ue tzen ka do129,0354.17

Economy

Previously Lianhua Supermarket had its Shanghai office in the district.

Schools

is a Russian overseas primary school operated by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, located on the grounds of the Consulate-General of Russia in Shanghai in Hongkou District.

Transportation

Metro

Hongkou is currently served by five metro lines operated by Shanghai Metro: