Hispano-Suiza piston aero-engines

Hispano-Suiza piston aero-engines were predominantly piston engines produced by Hispano-Suiza in France, Spain, and under licence in the United Kingdom, the United States and Russia from the First World War through to the 1950s. Development of these engines started with the very successful V-8 engines which introduced many new features which ensured the success of the Hispano-Suiza line.

Designations

Letter system

The Service technique de l'aéronautique used a common designation system for the vast majority of engines produced in France, which signified the major attributes of the particular engines:-

Manufacturer - In this case Hispano-Suiza
12 - the number of cylinders in any configuration.
Y - the family letter in capitals, advancing alphabetically.
a – sub variant indicator,.
r – attribute indicators, denoting various attributes that the engine might have,
1 - sub-sub variants were denoted by using a number after the letters,, usually indicating differences in ancillary equipment.

Thus the 12Xgrs was of the X family, with reduction gearing and supercharger, whereas the 12Xhrs was identical but rotated in the opposite direction.

Number system

The STAé introduced a numbered attribute indicator from the late 1930s, thus;
12Y-26, 12Y-27 – left and right rotation versions of the same engine.
Basic versions of each engine had even numbers and opposite rotation version were odd numbered.

List of H-S piston aero-engines

Data from:Moteurs d'Aviation Hispano-Suiza
Livre d'Or de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Jun 28
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Jan 28
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Nov 29
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Dec 30
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Jun 30
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Nov 31
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Apr 32
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Oct 32
Hispano-Suiza:Revue et Bulletin Technique de la Société Française Hispano-Suiza Jan-Jun 35
Le moteur-canon V8 Hispano-Suiza
HISPANO-SUIZA:LES MOTEURS DE TOUS LES RECORDS
Aviafrance
;5Q:
;6M:
;6P:
;8A
;8B
;8C
;8F
;9Q
;9T
;9V
;12B: '
;12G: '
;12H: '
;12J: '
;12K:
;12L:
;12M:'
;12N: '
;12X
;12Y:'
;12Z:
'
;14AA:'
;14AB
;14H
;14U
;Hispano Suiza 400hp V-16
;Hispano Suiza 600hp V-16
;18R
;18S
;24Y: '
;24Z
;36Y
;48H
;48Z:
;Whirlwind:
;Abadal 12Y: at 2,500 rpm, with reduction gear, weighing.

Hispano-Suiza in-house Type designations

Data from:
The Hispano-Suiza Type numbers were used for all Hispano-Suiza products, including cars trucks and engines: Types 21, 22 and 23 are known to have been cars.
;Type 31: Prototype,, with mixed cooling and initial production 8A,, with 8 cooling fins, 1,450 rpm,.
;Type 34: 8Ab, 1800 rpm, 5.3:1 compression,, 100% water-cooling.
;Type 35: 8B, 2,000 rpm,, geared.
;Type 36: 8B with Lewis gun
;Type 38: 8BeC, Type 36 with a modified SAMC Model 37 cannon
;Type 39: Coupled engines
;Type 40:
;Type 41:
;Type 42: 8Fb,,, at 1,800 rpm.
;Type 42VS: 8Fe
;Type 43: cannon equipped project
;Type 44:
;Type 45: cannon
;Type 50: 12G
;Type 51: 12H
;Type 52: 12J
;Type 57: 12M
;Type 61: 12N
;Type 72: 12X
;Type 73: 12Y
;Type 76: 12X with cannon
;Type 77: 12Y with cannon
;Type 79: 14AA
;Type 82: 24Y
;Type 89: 12Z
;Type 90: 24Y
;Type 95: 24Z
;Type 96: 48Z

Specifications

Data from:
This table gives the major attributes of each engine model, where known.

Model

Bore

Stroke

Capacity

Comp.

Wt. dry

T/O pr

T/O rpm

S. charger

Red. gear

Rated pr

Rated rpm

Rated alt

Comments

5.1

2,000

S/L

5-cyl. Radial

6Pa

5.5

2,100

6 cyl. In-line water-cooled

6Mb

2,100

6 cyl. In-line water-cooled

6Mbr

2,100

0.5:1

6 cyl. In-line water-cooled

8Aa

4.7

2,100

V-8 90°

8Ab

5.3

2,100

V-8 90°

8Ad

5.3

2,100

V-8 90°

8Fb

5.3

2,100

V-8 90°

8Fe

5.5

2,100

V-8 90°

9Qa

5.1

2,000

S/L

9-cyl. Radial

9Qb

5.1

1,800

S/L

9-cyl. Radial

9Qc

2,200

S/L

9-cyl. Radial

9Qcx

5.1

2,200

S/L

9-cyl. Radial

9Qdr

0.615:1

2,200

S/L

9-cyl. radial

5.3

1,900

S/L

9-cyl. Radial

9Vr

5.3

0.63:1

1,950

S/L

9-cyl. radial

2,100

1,900

S/L

9-cyl. radial diesel engine

12Ga

5.3

2,100

1,800

S/L

W-12, 3x twin carbs

12Gb

2,100

2,000

S/L

W-12, 3x twin carbs, 300 built

12Ha

5.3

2,100

1,800

S/L

6x twin carbs

12Hb

2,100

2,000

S/L

6x twin carbs, 750 built

12Hbr

2,100

0.5:1

2,000

S/L

6x twin carbs

12Ja

5.3

2,100

1,800

S/L

12Jb

2,100

2,000

S/L

12Kb

2,100

2,000

S/L

W-12 60°

12Lb

6:1

2,100

2,000

S/L

12Lbr

6:1

2,100

0.5:1

2,000

S/L

12Mb

2,100

2,000

S/L

6x twin carbs, 600 built

12Mbr

2,000

0.5:1

1,950

S/L

6x twin carbs

12Mc

2,200

2,000

S/L

6x twin carbs

12Nb

6.2:1

2,100

2,000

S/L

6x Zenith twin carbs

12Nbr

6.2:1

2,100

0.5:1

2,000

S/L

6x Zenith twin carbs

12Nbrs

6.2:1

1,950

S/L

6x Zenith twin carbs, 11,700 built

12Xbr

6.4:1

2,200

0.666:1

12Xbrg

5.8:1

2,400

0.666:1

2,400

with Gaveur

12Xbrs

5.8:1

2,600

0.666:1

2,600

6x Zenith single carbs

12Xirs

5.8:1

2,600

6x Zenith single carbs, 800 built, 85 Octane

12Ybr

6.4:1

2,200

0.666:1

12Ybrg

5.8:1

2,400

0.666:1

2,400

with Gaveur

12Ybrs

5.8:1

2,400

0.666:1

2,400

12Y-30/-31

2,400

0.666:1

2,400

-30 LH rotation, -31 RH rotation, with cannon

12Y-32/-33

2,400

0.666:1

2,400

-32 LH rotation, -33 RH rotation

12Y-36/-37

2,400

0.55:1

2,400

-36 LH rotation, -37 RH rotation

12Y-50/-51

7:1

2,500

0.666:1

2,500

-50 LH rotation, -51 RH rotation

12Z-1

7:1

2,800

y 2-speed

0.60:1

high

2,800

with cannon

18Sb

6.2

2,100

2,000

S/L

W-18 80°

18Sbr

6.2

2,100

0.5:1

2,000

S/L

W-18 80°

14U

2,200

1,900

S/L

14-cyl. radial diesel engine

14AA-00 / -01

6.2

2,100

14-cyl. radial, -00 RH -01 LH

14AA-02 / -03

6.2

0.625

2,100

14-cyl. radial, -02 RH -03 LH

14AA-04 / -05

6.2

0.625

2,125

14-cyl. radial, -04 RH -05 LH

14AA-06 / -07

6.2

2,125

14-cyl. radial, -06 RH -07 LH

J-5 Whirlwind

1,800

Licence-built Wright J-5

Applications and chronology

This table gives a chronology of Hispano-Suiza aero-engines and a selection of their applications:Data from:

Year	Aircraft	Role	Engine	no. built
1922	Breguet XIX B.2	Two-seat bomber	1x12Hb	4,000
1922	Nieuport-Delage NiD 43	Seaplane fighter	1x12Hb	1
1924	Potez 26	Single-seat bomber / attack aircraft	1x12Ha	1
1926	Avimeta 88	Two-seat fighter	1x 12Hb	1
1926	Nieuport-Delage NiD 42	Fighter	1x 12Hb	25
1926	Levasseur PL.7	Shipborne Torpedo-bomber	1x 12Lbr	41
1927	Morane-Saulnier MoS-121	Light fighter	1x 12Jb	1
1927	Nieuport-Delage NiD.52	Fighter	1x 12Hb	125
1928	Latécoère 32.3	Postal transport flying boat	1x 12Hbr	6
1928	Nieuport-Delage NiD.62	Fighter	1x 12Hb 1x 12Mc 1x 12Mdsh	691
1926	Blériot 127.1	4-seat multi-role combat aircraft	2x 12Gb 2x 12Hb	43
1928	Nieuport-Delage NiD.62	Fighter	1x 12Hb 1x 12Hdr 1x 12Mc 1x 12Mdsh	675
1928	Breguet 284T	8-seat airliner	1x 12Lbrx	8
1928	C.A.M.S. 53	Postal flying boat transport	2x 12Hbr 2x 12Lbrx 2x 12Lbr	31
1929	Bernard 20	Fighter	1x 12Jb	1
1929	Nieuport-Delage NiD.72	Fighter	1x 12Hb	25
1929	Levasseur PL.14	Shipborne torpedo-bomber	1x 12Nb	30
1929	Levasseur PL.10	Reconnaissance	1x 12Lb	160
1929	Latécoère 28	Transport 8 passengers	1x 12Hbr 1x 12Nbr 1x 12Lbr 1x 12Nb 1x 12Nbr	36
1929	Potez 390	Observation	1x 12Hb	240
1930	Breguet Br 270	Bomber	1x 12Hb	150
1930	Dewoitine D.27	Fighter	1x 12Mb	80
1930	Dewoitine D.33 Trait d'union	long-distance record breaker	1x 12Nb 3x 9V 3x 9V-10 3x 9V-17	1
1930	Dewoitine D.35	Transport	1x 9Q
1931	Dewoitine D.530	Fighter	1x12Md 1x12Md 1x12Xbrs	6
1931	Latécoère 290	Bomber land/floatplane	1x 12Nbr 1x 18Sbr 1x 12Ycrs 1x 12Ybrs	35
1931	Latécoère 35.0	Transport 10 passengers	3x 12Jb	1
1931	Blériot 125	Transport 12 passengers	2x 12Hbr	1
1931	C.A.M.S. 58	Transport 6 passengers	2x 12Nbr	3
1932	Bernard 260	Fighter	1x 12Xbrs	1
1932	Dewoitine D.500	Fighter	1x 12Xcrs	260
1932	Dewoitine D.560	Fighter	1x 12Xbrs	1
1932	Lioré et Olivier H.256	Patrol floatplane	2x 12Nbr	5
1932	Morane-Saulnier MS.325	Fighter	1x 12Xcrs	1
1932	Nieuport-Delage NiD.122	Fighter	1x 12Xbrs 1x 12Hbrs 1x 12Ycrs	3
1932	Levasseur PL.15	Reconnaissance	1x 12Nbr	16
1932	Latécoère 500	Transport transatlantic	3x 12Jb	2
1933	Latécoère 300	Postal transport flying-boat	4x 12Nbr 4x 12Ydrs	7
1933	Couzinet 70	Transport transatlantic	3x 12Nb	1
1933	Blériot 5190	Postal transport flying-boat	4x 12Nbr	1
1934	Breguet 530 Saigon	Transport flying-boat	3x 12Ybr	5
1934	Loire 130	Ship-borne reconnaissance flying-boat	1x 12Xirs	125
1934	Potez 540	Reconnaissance-bomber	2x 12Xirs	185
1934	Blériot-SPAD S.510	Fighter	1x 12Xbrs	80
1935	Dewoitine D.510	Fighter	1x12Ybrs	121
1935	Dewoitine D.513	Fighter	1x12Ycrs	1
1935	Latécoère 520	Transport transatlantic	4x 18Sbr 6x 12Ydrs 6x 12Y-37 6x 12Y-27	0x 520, 1x 522, 3x 523
1935	Nieuport Ni-140	Dive-bomber	2x 12Xcrs	2
1936	Potez 621	Transport 7 passengers	2x 12Xirs	10 + 3 conversions
1936	Farman F.220	Postal transport	4x 12Lbr 4x 12Xgrs 2x 14AA-08 + 2x 14AA-09 2x 12Xirs + 2x 12Xjrs 2x 12Y-28 + 2x 12Y-29 2x 12Y-38 + 2x 12Y-39	9
1936	Latécoère 298	Torpedo-bomber floatplane / reconnaissance	1x 12Ycrs1	148
1937	Lioré et Olivier H-246	Transport flying-boat	4x 12Xgrs 4x 12Xirs	6
1937	Loire 102	Transatlantic transport flying-boat	4x 12 Kbrs1 or 4x 12Xirs	1
1937	Bloch MB.160	Transport 16 passengers	4x 12Xirs	2
1938	Dewoitine D.520	Fighter	1x 12Y-45	900
1938	Morane-Saulnier MS.405	Fighter	1x 12Y-31	17
1938	ANF Les Mureaux 110	Observation 2-seater	1x 12Ycrs	297
1938	SNCAC NC.223	Night bomber	4x 14AA-08 4x 12Xirs 4x 12Y-29 4x 12Y-37 or 12Ydrs	13
1938	Potez-CAMS 141	Transatlantic transport flying-boat	2x 12Y-26 + 2x 12Y-27 or 2x 12Y-36 + 2x 12Y-37	1
1939	Dewoitine D.550	Fighter	1x 12Y-51	1
1939	Lioré et Olivier H-47	Transatlantic transport flying-boat	6x 12Ydrs 6x 12Y-34	6
1939	Loire-Nieuport 40	Ship-borne dive-bomber	1x 12Xcrs 1x 12Y-31 1x 12Y-51	72
1939	Morane-Saulnier MS.406	Fighter	1x 12Y-45	1,000
1940	Arsenal VG-33	Fighter	1x 12Y-31	155
1940	Breguet 482 B.4	4-seat bomber	4x 12Z	2
1940	Morane-Saulnier MS.450	Fighter	1x 12Y-51	3
1940	Potez 230	Fighter	1x 12Y-31	1
1942	Potez-CAMS 161	Transatlantic transport flying-boat	3x 12Y-36 + 3x 12Y-37	1

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