Henri Meilhac
Henri Meilhac was a French dramatist and opera librettist, best known for his collaborations with Ludovic Halévy on Georges Bizet's Carmen and on the works of Jacques Offenbach, as well as Jules Massenet's Manon.
Biography
Meilhac was born in the 1st arrondissement of Paris in 1830. As a young man, he began writing fanciful articles for Parisian newspapers and comédies en vaudevilles, in a vivacious boulevardier spirit which brought him to the forefront. About 1860, he met Ludovic Halévy, and their collaboration for the stage lasted twenty years.Their most famous collaboration is the libretto for Georges Bizet's Carmen. However, Meilhac's work is most closely tied to the music of Jacques Offenbach, for whom he wrote over a dozen librettos, most of them together with Halévy. The most successful collaborations with Offenbach are La belle Hélène, Barbe-bleue, La Vie parisienne, La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein, and La Périchole.
Other librettos by Meilhac include Jules Massenet's Manon , Hervé's Mam'zelle Nitouche, and Rip, the French version of Robert Planquette's operetta Rip Van Winkle. Their vaudeville play Le réveillon was the basis of the operetta Die Fledermaus.
In 1888 he was elected to the Académie française. He died in Paris in 1897.
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Works
- 1856: La Sarabande du cardinal, one-act comedy with couplets, created at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 29 May.
- 1856: Satania, comedy in 2 acts with couplets, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 10 October.
- Garde-toi, je me garde, comédie en vaudeville in 2 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal.
- 1857: Le Copiste, comedy in 1 act and in prose, Théâtre du Gymnase, 3 August.
- 1858: Péché caché, ou A quelque chose malheur est bon, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 11 January.
- 1858: L'Autographe, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Gymnase, 27 November.
- 1859: Un petit-fils de Mascarille, comedy in 5 acts and in prose, Théâtre du Gymnase, 8 October.
- 1859: Le Retour de l'Italie, à-propos Théâtre du Gymnase, 14 August.
- 1860: Ce qui plaît aux hommes, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 6 October.
- 1860: Une heure avant l'ouverture, prologue in 1 act, with songs, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 31 December.
- 1860: L'Étincelle, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 31 December.
- 1861: Le Menuet de Danaë, comédie en vaudeville in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 20 April.
- 1861: La Vertu de Célimène, comedy in 5 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 1 May.
- 1861: L'Attaché d'ambassade, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre du Vaudeville in October.
- Le Café du roi, opéra comique in 1 act, music by Louis Deffès.
- 1862: L'Échéance, comédy in 1 act, Théâtre du Gymnase, 15 March.
- 1862: Les Moulins à vent, comedy in 3 acts with couplets, Théâtre des Variétés, 22 February.
- 1862: Les Brebis de Panurge, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 24 November.
- 1862: La Clé de Métella, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 24 November.
- 1861: Les Bourguignonnes, one-act opéra comique, music by Louis Deffès, Opéra-comique, 16 July.
- 1863: Le Brésilien, one-act comedy, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 9 May
- 1863: Le Train de minuit, two-act comedy, Théâtre du Gymnase, 15 June.
- 1864: La Belle Hélène, opéra-bouffe in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 17 December.
- 1864: Fiammetta, ballet-pantomime in 2 acts, music by Léon Minkus, Moscou, Ballet de Bolshoi, 12 novembre 1863; entitled Néméa, ou l'Amour vengé - Paris, Académie impériale de musique, 11 July.
- 1864: Les Curieuses, one-act comedy, Théâtre du Gymnase, 17 October.
- 1864: Le Photographe, one-act comédie en vaudeville, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 24 December.
- 1865: Fabienne, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 1 September.
- 1865: Le Singe de Nicolet, one-act comedy with singing, Théâtre des Variétés, 29 January.
- 1865: Les Méprises de Lambinet, one-act comedy with couplets, Théâtre des Variétés, 3 December.
- 1866: Barbe-bleue, opéra bouffe in 3 acts and 4 tableaux, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 5 February
- 1866: José Maria, three-act opéra comique, music by Jules Cohen, Opéra-Comique, 16 July.
- 1866: La Vie parisienne, opéra bouffe in 5 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 31 October
- 1867: La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein, opéra bouffe in 3 acts and 4 tableaux, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 12 April
- 1867: Tout pour les dames, comédie en vaudeville in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 8 September
- 1868: L'Élixir du docteur Cornelius, operetta, music by Émile Durand, Fantaisies-Parisiennes, 3 February
- 1868: La Pénitente, one-act opéra comique, music by Mme de Grandval, Opéra-Comique, 13 March.
- 1868: Le Château à Toto, opéra bouffe in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 6 May.
- 1868: Garde-toi, je me garde, comedy in 1 act with songs, revived at the théâtre des Variétés 28 June 1868.
- 1868: Fanny Lear, comedy in 5 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 13 August.
- 1868: La Périchole, opéra bouffe in 2 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 6 October.
- 1868: Suzanne et les deux vieillards, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre du Gymnase, 10 Octobre.
- 1868: Le Bouquet, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 23 October.
- 1869: Vert-Vert, opéra comique in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Opéra-Comique, 10 March.
- 1869: La Diva, opéra bouffe in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, 22 March.
- 1869: Frou-Frou, comedy in 5 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 30 October, published in 1870 by Michel Lévy frères .
- 1869: L'Homme à la clé, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 11 August.
- 1869: Les Brigands, opéra bouffe in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 10 December.
- 1871: Tricoche et Cacolet, comédie en vaudeville in 5 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 6 December.
- 1872: Madame attend Monsieur, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 8 February.
- 1872: Le Réveillon, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 10 September.
- 1872: Les Sonnettes, comedy in 1 act in prose, Théâtre des Variétés, 15 November.
- 1873: Le Roi Candaule, one-act comedy in prose, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 9 April.
- 1873: L’Été de la Saint-Martin, one-act comedy in prose, Comédie-Française, 1 July.
- 1873: Toto chez Tata, one-act comedy, Théâtre des Variétés 25 August.
- 1874: La Petite Marquise, three-act comedy, Théâtre des Variétés, 13 February.
- 1874: La Mi-carême, folie-vaudeville in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 2 April.
- 1874: L'Ingénue, one-act comedy, Théâtre des Variétés, 24 September.
- 1874: La Veuve, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 5 November.
- 1874: La Boule, comedy in 4 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 24 November.
- 1875: Carmen, opéra comique in four acts, music by Georges Bizet, Opéra-Comique, 3 March.
- 1875: Le Passage de Vénus, "leçon d'astronomie" in 1 act, Théâtre des Variétés, 4 May.
- 1875: La boulangère a des écus, opéra bouffe in 3 acts, music by Jacques Offenbach, Théâtre des Variétés, 5 August.
- 1876: Loulou, folie-vaudeville in 1 act, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 31 March.
- 1876: Le Prince, comedy in 4 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 25 November.
- Paturel, comedy in 1 act.
- 1877: La Cigale, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre des Variétés, 6 October.
- 1877: Le Fandango, ballet-pantomime in 1 act, Opéra de Paris, 26 November.
- 1878: Le Petit Duc, opéra-comique in 3 acts, music by Charles Lecocq, Théâtre de la Renaissance, 25 January.
- 1878: La Cigarette, comedy in 1 act, Gymnase-Dramatique, 20 April.
- 1879: Le Mari de la débutante, comedy in 4 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 5 February.
- 1879: Le Petit Hôtel, comedy in 1 act in prose, Comédie-Française, 21 February.
- 1879: La Petite Mademoiselle, opéra comique in 3 acts, music by Charles Lecocq, Théâtre de la Renaissance, 12 April.
- 1879: Lolotte, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 4 October.
- 1880: La Petite Mère, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre des Variétés, 6 March.
- 1880: Nina la tueuse, comedy in 1 act in verse, Théâtre du Gymnase, 2 October.
- 1881: Janot, opéra-comique in 3 acts, music by Charles Lecocq, Théâtre de la Renaissance, 22 January.
- 1881: La Roussotte, comédie en vaudeville, music by Hervé, Charles Lecocq, and Marius Boullard, libretto by Ludovic Halévy, Henri Meilhac and Albert Millaud, Théâtre des Variétés, 28 January.
- 1881: Le Mari à Babette, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 31 December.
- 1882: Madame le diable, féerie-opérette in 4 acts and 12 tableaux including a prologue, music by Gaston Serpette, Théâtre de la Renaissance, 4 April.
- 1883: Mam'zelle Nitouche, comédie en vaudeville in 3 acts, Théâtre du Gymnase, 11 May.
- 1883 Ma camarade, five-act play, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 9 October.
- 1884: Manon, opéra comique in 5 acts and 6 tableaux, music by Jules Massenet, Opéra-comique, 19 January.
- 1884: Le Cosaque, opéra bouffe, music by Hervé, Théâtre des Variétés, 26 January.
- 1884: La Duchesse Martin, one-act comedy, Comédie-Française, 16 May.
- 1884: Rip, opéra comique in 3 acts, music by Robert Planquette, Folies-Dramatiques, 11 November.
- 1886: Les Demoiselles Clochart.
- 1886: Gotte, comedy in 4 acts, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 2 December.
- La lettre de Toto, monologue in verse.
- 1888: Décoré, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre des Variétés, 27 January.
- 1888: Pepa, comedy in 3 acts, Comédie-Française, 31 October.
- Le Train de minuit.
- 1890: Margot, comedy in 3 acts, Comédie-Française, 18 January.
- 1890: Ma cousine, comedy in 3 acts, Théâtre des Variétés, 27 October.
- M. l'Abbé.
- Brevet supérieur.
- 1893: Kassya, opera in 5 acts, music by Léo Delibes, Opéra-Comique, 13 March.
- 1894: Villégiature, comedy in 1 act, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 15 January.
Filmography
- *
- *Films based on Die Fledermaus
- *Films based on The Merry Widow
- *Films based on Mam'zelle Nitouche
- ', directed by
- A Hungry Heart, directed by Émile Chautard
- ', directed by
- Fanny Lear, directed by Robert Boudrioz and Jean Manoussi
- Frou-Frou, directed by Otto Rippert
- Frou-Frou, directed by Guy du Fresnay
- So This Is Paris, directed by Ernst Lubitsch
- La Vie parisienne, directed by Robert Siodmak
- *Parisian Life, directed by Robert Siodmak
- The Toy Wife, directed by Richard Thorpe
- Tricoche and Cacolet, directed by Pierre Colombier
- Sköna Helena, directed by Gustaf Edgren
- Die schöne Helena, directed by Axel von Ambesser
- Parisian Life, directed by Christian-Jaque