Heath ministry


of the Conservative Party formed the Heath Ministry and was appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II on 19 June 1970, following the 18 June general election. Heath's ministry ended after the February 1974 general election, which produced a hung parliament, leading to the formation of a minority government by Harold Wilson of the Labour Party.
Heath had been elected leader of the Conservative Party in 1965 to succeed Alec Douglas-Home, within a few months of the party's election defeat after 13 years in government. His first general election as leader the following year ended in defeat as Wilson's Labour government increased its majority. The Conservatives enjoyed a surge in support over the next two years as the British economy went through a period of fluctuation with growth and contraction. Unemployment rose significantly, but when Harold Wilson called a general election for June 1970, the opinion polls all pointed towards a third successive Labour victory.
It was a major surprise when the Conservatives won with a majority of 30 seats.
Heath's government initially enjoyed a strong economy and relatively low unemployment, and on 1 January 1973 the United Kingdom became a member state of the European Communities, principally the European Economic Community. But then came the 1973 oil crisis, and just before Christmas, Heath declared a "three day week" in which the use of offices, factories and most public buildings was reduced to three days a week. He also faced a battle with the unions over pay freezes and restraints, which sparked a rise in strikes. The economy also entered a recession.
Heath's response in February 1974 was to call a general election, urging the voters to decide whether it was the government or the unions which ran Britain. The election on 28 February 1974 resulted in a hung parliament, in which the Conservatives had the most votes but Labour had the most seats. After talks with the Liberals about forming a coalition government failed, Labour formed a minority government on 4 March. A second general election was widely anticipated later in 1974, and was called by Harold Wilson for 10 October, in which the Labour Party gained a three-seat majority. This meant that Wilson had now won four of the five general elections he had contested, while Heath had now lost three of his four general elections, and it seemed inevitable that his leadership would soon end.

Cabinet

June 1970 – March 1974

Members of the Cabinet are in bold face.
OfficeNameDatesNotes
Prime Minister,
First Lord of the Treasury
and Minister for the Civil Service
Edward Heath19 June 1970 – 4 March 1974
Parliamentary Secretary for the Civil Service DepartmentDavid Howell23 June 1970 – 26 March 1972
Parliamentary Secretary for the Civil Service DepartmentKenneth Baker7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Parliamentary Secretary for the Civil Service DepartmentGeoffrey Johnson-Smith5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Lord High Chancellor of Great BritainThe Lord Hailsham of St Marylebone20 June 1970
Lord President of the Council
and Leader of the House of Commons
William Whitelaw20 June 1970
Lord President of the Council
and Leader of the House of Commons
Robert Carr7 April 1972
Lord President of the Council
and Leader of the House of Commons
Jim Prior5 November 1972
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
and Leader of the House of Lords
The Earl Jellicoe20 June 1970
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
and Leader of the House of Lords
The Lord Windlesham5 June 1973
Chancellor of the ExchequerIain Macleod20 June 1970Died in office, 20 July 1970
Chancellor of the ExchequerAnthony Barber25 July 1970
Chief Secretary to the TreasuryMaurice Macmillan23 June 1970
Chief Secretary to the TreasuryPatrick Jenkin7 April 1972
Chief Secretary to the TreasuryTom Boardman8 January 1974
Minister of State, TreasuryTerence Higgins23 June 1970
Minister of State, TreasuryJohn Nott7 April 1972
Parliamentary Secretary to the TreasuryFrancis Pym20 June 1970
Parliamentary Secretary to the TreasuryHumphrey Atkins2 December 1973
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryPatrick Jenkin23 June 1970
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryTerence Higgins7 April 1972
Lords of the TreasuryReginald Eyre24 June 1970 – 23 September 1970
Lords of the TreasuryDavid Howell24 June 1970 – 6 January 1971
Lords of the TreasuryHector Monro24 June 1970 – 28 July 1971
Lords of the TreasuryBernard Weatherill24 June 1970 – 17 October 1971
Lords of the TreasuryWalter Clegg24 June 1970 – 7 April 1972
Lords of the TreasuryVictor Goodhew21 October 1970 – 9 October 1973
Lords of the TreasuryPaul Hawkins5 January 1971 – 2 December 1973
Lords of the TreasuryTim Fortescue8 November 1971 – 7 April 1972
Lords of the TreasuryKeith Speed8 November 1971 – 21 September 1973
Lords of the TreasuryHugh Rossi7 April 1972 – 8 January 1974
Lords of the TreasuryOscar Murton7 April 1972 – 30 October 1973
Lords of the TreasuryMichael Jopling30 October 1973 – 4 March 1974
Lords of the TreasuryHamish Gray30 October 1973 – 4 March 1974
Lords of the TreasuryJohn Stradling Thomas30 October 1973 – 4 March 1974
Lords of the TreasuryMarcus Fox2 December 1973 – 4 March 1974
Lords of the TreasuryKenneth Clarke8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsSir Alec Douglas-Home20 June 1970
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsJoseph Godber23 June 1970 – 5 November 1972
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsRichard Wood15 October 1970 – 4 March 1974
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsThe Lady Tweedsmuir7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsJulian Amery5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsLord Balniel5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsThe Marquess of Lothian24 June 1970 – 7 April 1972
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsAnthony Royle24 June 1970 – 8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsAnthony Kershaw15 October 1970 – 5 June 1973
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsPeter Blaker8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Minister for Overseas DevelopmentRichard Wood15 October 1970
Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentReginald Maudling20 June 1970
Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentRobert Carr18 July 1972
Minister of State for Home AffairsRichard Sharples23 June 1970 – 7 April 1972
Minister of State for Home AffairsThe Lord Windlesham23 June 1970 – 26 March 1972
Minister of State for Home AffairsMark Carlisle7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Minister of State for Home AffairsThe Viscount Colville of Culross21 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsMark Carlisle24 June 1970
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsDavid Lane7 April 1972
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodJames Prior20 June 1970
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodJoseph Godber5 November 1972
Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodAnthony Stodart7 April 1972New post
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodAnthony Stodart24 June 1970 – 7 April 1972
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodPeter Mills7 April 1972 – 5 November 1972
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodPeggy Fenner5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodThe Earl Ferrers8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Minister for Aviation SupplyFrederick Corfield15 October 1970New post. Abolished 1 May 1971 and functions transferred to Ministry of Defence
Parliamentary Secretary for Aviation SupplyDavid Price15 October 1970New post. Abolished 1 May 1971 and functions transferred to Ministry of Defence
Secretary of State for DefenceThe Lord Carrington20 June 1970
Secretary of State for DefenceIan Gilmour8 January 1974
Minister of State for DefenceLord Balniel23 June 1970
Minister of State for DefenceIan Gilmour5 November 1972
Minister of State for DefenceGeorge Younger8 January 1974
Minister of State for Defence ProcurementIan Gilmour7 April 1971Office abolished 5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State for the NavyPeter Kirk24 June 1970
Under-Secretary of State for the NavyAntony Buck5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State for the Air ForceAntony Lambton24 June 1970
Under-Secretary of State for the Air ForceAnthony Kershaw5 June 1973
Under-Secretary of State for the Air ForceThe Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State for the ArmyIan Gilmour24 June 1970
Under-Secretary of State for the ArmyGeoffrey Johnson-Smith7 April 1971
Under-Secretary of State for the ArmyPeter Blaker5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State for the ArmyDudley Smith8 January 1974
Secretary of State for Education and ScienceMargaret Thatcher20 June 1970
Minister of State, Education and ScienceNorman St John-Stevas5 June 1973Minister for the Arts
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceThe Lord Belstead24 June 1970 – 5 June 1973
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceWilliam van Straubenzee24 June 1970 – 5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceNorman St John-Stevas5 November 1972 – 2 December 1973
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceTimothy Raison5 June 1973 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceThe Lord Sandford2 December 1973 – 4 March 1974
Secretary of State for EmploymentRobert Carr20 June 1970Employment and Productivity until 12 November 1970
Secretary of State for EmploymentMaurice Macmillan7 April 1972
Secretary of State for EmploymentWilliam Whitelaw2 December 1973
Minister of State, EmploymentPaul Bryan23 June 1970
Minister of State, EmploymentRobin Chichester-Clark7 April 1972
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentDudley Smith24 June 1970 – 7 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentDavid Howell5 January 1971 – 26 March 1972
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentNicholas Scott8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Secretary of State for EnergyThe Lord Carrington8 January 1974
Minister for EnergyPatrick Jenkin8 January 1974In Cabinet
Minister of State, EnergyDavid Howell8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EnergyPeter Emery8 January 1974
Secretary of State for the EnvironmentPeter Walker15 October 1970
Secretary of State for the EnvironmentGeoffrey Rippon5 November 1972
Minister for Local Government and DevelopmentGraham Page15 October 1970
Minister for Housing and ConstructionJulian Amery15 October 1970
Minister for Housing and ConstructionPaul Channon5 November 1972
Minister for Transport IndustriesJohn Peyton15 October 1970
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentEldon Griffiths15 October 1970 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentPaul Channon15 October 1970 – 26 March 1972
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentThe Lord Sandford15 October 1970 – 5 June 1973
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentMichael Heseltine15 October 1970 – 7 April 1972
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentKeith Speed7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentReginald Eyre7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentLady Young5 June 1973 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentHugh Rossi8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Secretary of State for Social ServicesSir Keith Joseph20 June 1970
Minister of State, Health and Social SecurityThe Lord Aberdare23 June 1970 – 8 January 1974
Parliamentary Secretary, Health and Social SecurityPaul Dean24 June 1970 – 4 March 1974
Parliamentary Secretary, Health and Social SecurityMichael Alison24 June 1970 – 4 March 1974
Secretary of State for Housing and Local GovernmentPeter Walker24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Part of Environment from 15 October 1970
Minister of State, Housing and Local GovernmentGraham Page23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Part of Environment from 15 October 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Housing and Local GovernmentEldon Griffiths23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Part of Environment from Oct 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Housing and Local GovernmentPaul Channon23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Part of Environment from Oct 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Housing and Local GovernmentThe Lord Sandford23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Part of Environment from Oct 1970
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterAnthony Barber20 June 1970With special responsibility for Europe
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterGeoffrey Rippon28 July 1970
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterJohn Davies5 November 1972
Secretary of State for Northern IrelandWilliam Whitelaw24 March 1972
Secretary of State for Northern IrelandFrancis Pym2 December 1973
Minister of State, Northern IrelandPaul Channon26 March 1972 – 5 November 1972
Minister of State, Northern IrelandThe Lord Windlesham26 March 1972 – 5 June 1973
Minister of State, Northern IrelandWilliam van Straubenzee5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Minister of State, Northern IrelandDavid Howell5 November 1972 – 8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandDavid Howell26 March 1972 – 5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandPeter Mills5 November 1972 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandThe Lord Belstead5 June 1973 – 4 March 1974
Minister of Overseas DevelopmentRichard Wood23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Reorganised under Foreign Office, 12 November 1970
Paymaster-GeneralThe Viscount Eccles23 June 1970Minister for Arts. Not in Cabinet
Paymaster-GeneralMaurice Macmillan2 December 1973
Minister without PortfolioThe Lord Drumalbyn15 October 1970
Minister without PortfolioThe Lord Aberdare8 January 1974
Minister for Posts and TelecommunicationsChristopher Chataway24 June 1970
Minister for Posts and TelecommunicationsSir John Eden7 April 1972
Minister of Public Buildings and WorksJulian Amery23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Reorganised under Department of Environment 15 October 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Public Buildings and WorksAnthony Kershaw24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Reorganised under Department of Environment 15 October 1970
Secretary of State for ScotlandGordon Campbell20 June 1970
Minister of State for ScotlandThe Lady Tweedsmuir23 June 1970
Minister of State for ScotlandThe Lord Polwarth7 April 1972
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandAlick Buchanan-Smith24 June 1970 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandGeorge Younger24 June 1970 – 8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandTeddy Taylor24 June 1970 – 28 July 1971
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandHector Monro28 July 1971 – 4 March 1974
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandTeddy Taylor8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Minister of TechnologyGeoffrey Rippon20 June 1970
Minister of TechnologyJohn Davies28 July 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Minister of State, Ministry of TechnologySir John Eden23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Minister of State, Ministry of TechnologyThe Earl of Bessborough24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of TechnologyDavid Price24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of TechnologyNicholas Ridley24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
President of the Board of TradeMichael Noble20 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Minister of State, Board of TradeFrederick Corfield24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of TradeAnthony Grant24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Office reorganised under Trade & Industry 15 October 1970
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryJohn Davies15 October 1970
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryPeter Walker5 November 1972
Minister of State for TradeMichael Noble15 October 1970 – 5 November 1972
Minister of State, Trade and Consumer AffairsSir Geoffrey Howe5 November 1972In Cabinet
Under-Secretary of State for TradeAnthony Grant15 October 1970
Under-Secretary of State for TradeThe Earl of Limerick7 April 1972
Minister of State for IndustrySir John Eden15 October 1970
Minister of State for IndustryTom Boardman7 April 1972Office eliminated 8 January 1974
Under-Secretary of State for IndustryNicholas Ridley15 October 1970
Under-Secretary of State for IndustryPeter Emery7 April 1972Office eliminated 8 January 1974
Minister for AerospaceFrederick Corfield1 May 1971
Minister for AerospaceMichael Heseltine7 April 1972Consolidated with Shipping 5 November 1972
Under-Secretary of State for AerospaceDavid Price1 May 1971
Under-Secretary of State for AerospaceCranley Onslow7 April 1972Consolidated with Shipping 5 November 1972
Minister for Industrial DevelopmentChristopher Chataway7 April 1972
Under-Secretary of State for Industrial DevelopmentAnthony Grant7 April 1972
Minister of TransportJohn Peyton23 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Transport merged with Environment Oct 1970
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of TransportMichael Heseltine24 June 1970 – 15 October 1970Transport merged with Environment Oct 1970
Secretary of State for WalesPeter Thomas'''20 June 1970
Minister of State for WalesDavid Gibson-Watt23 June 1970
Attorney GeneralSir Peter Rawlinson23 June 1970
Solicitor GeneralSir Geoffrey Howe23 June 1970
Solicitor GeneralSir Michael Havers5 November 1972
Lord AdvocateNorman Wylie23 June 1970
Solicitor General for ScotlandDavid William Robert Brand23 June 1970
Solicitor General for ScotlandWilliam Stewart5 November 1972Not an MP
Treasurer of the HouseholdHumphrey Atkins24 June 1970
Treasurer of the HouseholdBernard Weatherill2 December 1973
Comptroller of the HouseholdWalter Elliott24 June 1970
Comptroller of the HouseholdReginald Eyre24 September 1970
Comptroller of the HouseholdBernard Weatherill7 April 1972
Comptroller of the HouseholdWalter Clegg2 December 1973
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdJasper More24 June 1970
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdBernard Weatherill17 October 1971
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdWalter Clegg7 April 1972
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdPaul Hawkins2 December 1973
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-ArmsThe Earl St Aldwyn24 June 1970
Captain of the Yeomen of the GuardThe Viscount Goschen24 June 1970
Captain of the Yeomen of the GuardThe Lord Denham20 November 1971
Lords in WaitingThe Lord Mowbray24 June 1970 – 4 March 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Lord Denham24 June 1970 – 20 November 1971
Lords in WaitingThe Lord Bethell24 June 1970 – 5 January 1971
Lords in WaitingThe Earl Ferrers5 January 1971 – 8 January 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Marquess of Lothian7 April 1972 – 27 July 1973
Lords in WaitingThe Earl of Gowrie7 April 1972 – 4 March 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Baroness Young21 April 1972 – 5 June 1973
Lords in WaitingThe Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal27 June 1973 – 8 January 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Lord Sandys8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Earl Cowley8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974
Lords in WaitingThe Earl Alexander of Tunis8 January 1974 – 4 March 1974