The Hawaiian IslandsLand Trust is a non-profit organization established in Hawaii to “protect the lands that sustain us for current and future generations". The organization works with landowners to protect important areas by restricting commercial or other development. This protection is provided either by the landowner accepting a conservation easement on the land or by selling the land to HILT. As of 2018, the organization protected more than 18,000 acres across the state.
History
In January 2011, HILT was formed from the merger of the Kauai Public Land Trust, the Oahu Land Trust, the Maui Coastal Land Trust, and the Hawaii Island Land Trust. The first executive director was Dale Bonar, followed by Ted Clement and then Kawika Burgess.
Services
In addition to its core function of conserving important lands for future generations, HILT provides educational services, research and opportunities for recreation.
HILT offers a series of educational walks on its properties across the state.
Recreation
HILT properties are generally open to the public for activities such as fishing, camping and hiking.
Research
HILT staff conducts research on Hawaii's unique anchialine ponds and on the culture that surrounds them.
Properties
HILT protects multiple properties on O'ahu, Kauai, Maui and Hawaii Island, totalling more than 17,000 acres. Protected lands include coastal areas, farms, ranchlands, cultural sites and more.
The Waihee coastal dunes and wetlands refuge protects over 277 acres of land on Maui. the refuge includes of coastal, spring-fed wetland, of sand duneecosystem, over of shoreline and more than of riparian habitat, totaling. It is located on the windward side of Maui, Hawaii. The Maui Coastal Land Trust took ownership of this site in 2004 with support from Maui County. The property passed to HILT with the merger. Active restoration programs have replaced invasive vegetation with native species, enhanced wildlife habitat and preserved archaeological and cultural resources. Restoration employs primarily volunteer labor, managed by professional staff. The refuge is an important historical site, once hosting kingly residences, battles and Hawaiian legends. The refuge once hosted two fishing Hawaiian villages, an extensive inland Hawaiian fish ponds and several heiau. The refuge incorporates the last of Maui's large sand dunes that once stretched from Waihe'e to Makena, which once led to the island's nickname of "Sahara in the Pacific". The dunes are some high.
Expected rising sea levels could inundate the sand dunes with seawater or transform them into sandy beaches. A rise is expected to submerge 50-60% of the refuge. Adaptations that would preserve environmental and cultural values have yet to be developed/discovered. It is possible that the return to pre-development ecological status will provide sufficient resilience to provide protection.
Agriculture
Restoration plans include restoration of the fishpond and production of historically farmed crops such as taro. Nine taro patches are undergoing restoration, occupying about. Some 200 sheep live in the refuge.
Conservation
Six endangered taxa, two endangered plants, and two endangered insects were found on the site. Eight endangered species have repopulated the refuge, including aeo, alae keokeo, koloa and nene. When the property was first protected, 95% of the plants were invasive species. As of 2014, 70% of the flora in the wetland are native species.
Culture
Many of the important cultural and archaeological sites are located in sand dunes at or near the water. The dunes contains multiple burial sites. The dunes were fenced off to reduce foot traffic and exclude invasive predators. Thereafter endangered bird species began to nest on the dunes, acting as a natural vector and fertilizer for native plants.
Nu'u
HILT purchased the 82-acre Nu'u Preserve in 2011. The preserve provides habitat for endangered bird species and is home to numerous pre-contact archaeological sites, including petroglyphs and traditional house sites.
