Haplogroup Z human mitochondrial genetics , Haplogroup Zhuman mitochondrial DNA haplogroup .Origin Haplogroup Z is believed to have arisen in Central Asia , and is a descendant of haplogroup CZ .Distribution The greatest clade diversity of haplogroup Z is found in East Asia and Central Asia . However, its greatest frequency appears in some peoples of Russia , such as Evens from Kamchatka and from Berezovka, Srednekolymsky District, Sakha Republic , and among the Saami people of northern Scandinavia. With the exception of three Khakasses who belong to Z4, two Yakut who belong to Z3a1, two Yakut, a Yakutian Evenk, a Buryat, and an Altai Kizhi who belong to Z3, and the presence of the Z3c clade among populations of Altai Republic , nearly all members of haplogroup Z in North Asia and Europe belong to subclades of Z1. The TMRCA of Z1 is 20,400 ybp according to Sukernik et al. 2012, 20,400 ybp according to Fedorova et al. 2013, or 19,600 ybp according to YFull.et al. 2013 have reported finding Z* in 1/388 Turks and 1/491 Kazakhs. These individuals should belong to Z1*, Z2, Z7, Z5, or basal Z*.Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Z subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research .CZ *Z **Z* – Thailand **Z-T152C! ***Z-T152C!* – Hong Kong ***Z1 ****Z1* – Tofalar ****Z1a – Koryak, Buryat, Kalmyk, Khakas , Shor, Altai Kizhi, Kazakh, Kyrgyz , Uyghur , Turk, Arab *****Z1a1 – Italy, Hungary, Germany, Sweden, Kazakh, Uyghur, Buryat ******Z1a1a – Khakas, Nogai, Udmurt , Russia, Abazin , Cherkessian, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia , Ukrainian *******Z1a1a* – Norway, Finland, Sami, Komi, Russia, Ket *******Z1a1a1 – Russia *******Z1a1a2 – Udmurt *******Z1a1a3 – Russia, Poland *******Z1a1a4 – Finland, Estonia ******Z1a1b – Evenk, Dolgan *******Z1a1b* – Nganasan , Yukaghir, Even, Evenk *******Z1a1b1 ********Z1a1b1* – Buryat ********Z1a1b1a – Uyghur *****Z1a2 ******Z1a2* – Ulchi ******Z1a2a – Itelmen, Koryak *******Z1a2a* – Even, Yukaghir *******Z1a2a1 ********Z1a2a1* – Even ********Z1a2a1a – Even, Evenk *****Z1a3 ******Z1a3* – Yukaghir, Even, Evenk, Yakut ******Z1a3a *******Z1a3a* – Even *******Z1a3a1 – Yukaghir, Even ******Z1a3b – Even, Yakut *****Z1a4 ******Z1a4* – Uyghur, Tubalar, Buryat ******Z1a4a – Uyghur ***Z2 – Japan ***Z3 – Japan, South Korea , China, Singapore, Malaysia , Thailand, Vietnam, Uyghur, Evenk, Buryat, Altai Kizhi, Kyrgyz, Kazakh, Tajik , Azerbaijan, North Ossetian , Romania, USA ****Z3a – China, Kazakh *****Z3a1 ******Z3a1a *******Z3a1a* – Lachungpa, Lepcha *******Z3a1a1 – China *******Z3a1a2 – Gallong , Dirang Monpa, Thailand, Vietnam ******Z3a1b – Yakut *****Z3a2 – Lachungpa ******Z3a2a – Lachungpa *****Z3a3 – Thailand ****Z3b – Deng , Gallong ****Z-G709A – Yakut, China *****Z3c – Altaian, Altai Kizhi, Iran, Kyrgyz, Japan, Vietnam *****Z3d – China, Taiwan, Mongol, Korea ****Z3e – She people , Hazara ****Z3f – Uyghur, Hazara ***Z4 – China, Thailand, Philippines, Uzbekistan, Kalmyk, Khakas, Karanogai ****Z4a – China, Uyghur, Daur, Japan *****Z4a1 – China ******Z4a1a – China, Vietnam *******Z4a1a1 – Japan, South Korea ***Z7 – Dirang Monpa, Tibet **Z5 – Japan
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