Haplogroup Q-M25


Haplogroup Q-M25, also known as Q1a1b is a subclade or branch of human Y-DNA haplogroup Q-F1096, which is, in turn, a subclade of Q-MEH2. In human genetics, each Y-DNA haplogroup constitutes a biological paternal lineages back to a shared common male ancestor.

Distribution

Q-M25 has descendants in modern populations across all of Eurasia. Only one detailed study on the Y-DNA on Turkmens from Turkmenistan has taken place. Haplogroup Q is found in minority Turkmen tribes living in Afghanistan at percentages of about 32%, and another study found that 42.6% of Iranian Turkmens have haplogroup Q-M25.

The Americas

Q-M25 has not been detected in pre-Columbian populations in the Americas.

Asia

Q-M25 has been detected in the Northeast of East Asia, in South Asia, and across Central Asia. Though present at low frequencies, it may be one of the more widely distributed branches of Q-M242 in Asia.
PopulationSampling LocationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested
TurkmenGolestan, IranGrugni 201229/68~42.6%M25 & M143
TurkmenJawzjan, AfghanistanDi Cristofaro 201323/74~31.1%M25 & M346/ Q1a3=2/74
MixedCentral Asia & SiberiaUnderhill 20006/184~3.26%M25 & M143
KalmykMalyarchuk 20111/60~1.70%M25
HanShanxiZhong 20101/56~1.79%M25
UyghurXinjiangZhong 20101/71~1.41%M25
UyghurXinjiangZhong 20101/50~2.00%M25
UzbekJawzjan, AfghanistanDi Cristofaro 20131/94~1.06%M25
MongolMongoliaDi Cristofaro 20131/160~0.63%M25

West Asia

The frequency of Q-M25 varies greatly across West Asia. An extreme peak is seen in the Turkmen of Golestan. Across the whole of Iran it varies from over 9 percent of the population in the north to only 2 to 3 percent of the population in the south. The frequency of Q-M25 drops to only about 1 percent of the population of Lebanon's Muslims, and it is absent from the non-Muslim population there. However, its presence in the Marsh Arabs of Iraq hints that Q-M25's West Asian history extends beyond a single localized recent founder.
PopulationSampling LocationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested
Marsh ArabsAl-Zahery 20111/143~0.70%M25/ Q1b-M378=2.1%
IraqisAl-Zahery 20110/154~0.00%M25/ Q1b-M378=1.9%
IraniansIran Regueiro 20063/33~9.09%M25
IraniansMazandaranDi Cristofaro 20131/13~7.69%M25
IraniansIran Regueiro 20063/117~2.56%M25
IraniansEsfahanDi Cristofaro 20131/42~2.38%M25
AzerisIran Grugni 20121/63~1.60%M25
TurkmensGolestanGrugni 201229/68~42.6%M25
Lebanese LebanonZalloua 20080/482~0.00%M25
Lebanese LebanonZalloua 20084/432~0.93%M25

Europe

Q-M25 is present across modern Turkey and in Eastern Europe.
PopulationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested
East AnatoliaCinnioglu 20041/82~1.20%M25

Associated SNP's

Haplogroup Q-M25 is defined by the presence of the M25 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism as well as the M143, L714, and L716 SNPs.

Phylogenetic Tree

This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft tree for haplogroup Q-M25.

Y-DNA Backbone Tree