Hamdullah Mohib was born in a small village north of Jalalabad in 1983. He was the youngest of eleven children. Mohib's father worked in Kabul as a court clerk. Mohib's family fled Afghanistan during the Soviet invasion, becoming Afghan refugees. The family returned home after the end of the Soviet invasion, but fled once more to Pakistan after a renewed civil war broke out.
In August 2018, Afghan President Ashraf Ghani appointed Mohib to the post of national security adviser after Mohammad Hanif Atmar resigned from that post. At the same time, Ghani declined to accept offers to resignation submitted by Defense Minister Tariq Shah Bahrami, Interior Minister Wais Barmak, and National Directorate of Security chief Mohammed Masoom Stanekzai, over policy differences; Ghani asked the trio to remain in office. As national security adviser, Mohib conveyed the Ghani administration's frustration and anger at the Trump administration's choice to cut out the Afghan government from direct U.S.-Taliban peace negotiations, a reversal of the prior longstanding U.S. policy of refusing to negotiate with the Taliban without the participation of the Afghan government.. In a March 2019 conference in Washington, D.C., Mohib accused Zalmay Khalilzad, the U.S. special envoy to Afghanistan, of "delegitimizing" the Afghan government in Kabul by excluding it from peace negotiations in Doha, Qatar, in which Khalilzad is the leading U.S. negotiator. Mohib accused Khalilzad, who unsuccessfully ran for president of Afghanistan in 2009 and 2014, of seeking to become a "viceroy" and being motivated by personal political ambition. Reuters reported that the day following Mohib's remarks, U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political AffairsDavid Hale informed President Ghani in a phone call that the U.S. government would cut ties with Mohib, and that he would no longer be officially received in Washington or by U.S. civilian and military officials. Mohib was subsequently shunned by U.S. diplomats who walked out of meetings or refused to attend meetings with Mohib, and the U.S. pressured its allies to do the same. The Doha talks between the U.S. and the Taliban lasted nearly a year before abruptly collapsing in September 2019 following a tweet from Trump. The Afghan government had said it was willing to directly negotiate with the Taliban without preconditions, but in late October 2019, Mohib announced the Afghan government's reversal of this policy, outlining a new demand that the Taliban agree to a cease-fire before engaging in negotiations. Mohib described the precondition as a test of whether the Taliban could actually exert control over its commanders and militant forces.
Personal life
Mohib married Lael Adams, an American expert on Afghanistan, in 2011. Mohib is fluent in English, Pashto, and Dari, and is proficient in Urdu and Hindi.