Hairan I


Septimius Herodianus or Hairan was the son and co-king of Odaenathus of Palmyra. Through his father's marriage to Zenobia, Hairan had two half brothers, one with the same name, Hairan II, and Vaballathus.

Life

Hairan was born the son of Odaenathus and his first wife, and was chosen early in his father's career as a successor. In 251 he was mentioned in an inscription together with his father as a senators and Exarch of Palmyra. Hairan was crowned King of Kings by his father; the evidence for the crowning is a dedication found inscribed on a statue base from Palmyra which is undated. However, the dedication was made by Septimius Worod as the duumviri of Palmyra, an office occupied by Worod between 263 and 264. Hence, the coronation took place c. 263. The dedication imply that Hairan defeated a Persian army on the Orontes River.
The inscription celebrating Hairan's coronation mention him with the name Herodianus. It is possible that Hairan of the 251 inscription is not the same as Herodianus of the 263, but this is contested by Udo Hartmann who conclude that the reason for the difference in the spelling is due to the language used in the inscription, meaning that Odaenathus' eldest son and co-king is Hairan Herodianus.
Hairan was probably murdered with his father under unclear circumstances in 267. Joannes Zonaras, called a cousin Maeonius as the murderer while the unreliable Historia Augusta indicate that Odaenathus' wife Zenobia was an instigator. Another possibility is that it was organized by Emperor Gallienus who feared Odaenathus was becoming too powerful.