Hải Dương Province

Name

Geography

Administrative divisions

• 10 districts:
• * Bình Giang
• * Cẩm Giàng
• * Gia Lộc
• * Kim Thành
• * Kinh Môn
• * Nam Sách
• * Ninh Giang
• * Thanh Hà
• * Thanh Miện
• * Tứ Kỳ
• 2 provincial cities:
• * Chí Linh
• * Hải Dương

Climate

• Hải Dương has a tropical monsoon climate with typical cold winter, potential heat and high humidity. The prevailing winds come from the southeast and northeast. The climate is divided into four distinct seasons. From early February to early April, there is a transition period between the dry and wet seasons in which there is spray and rain. The rainy season lasts from April to October.
• The annual average rainfall is between and.
• The average temperature 23.3 °C.
• The average amount of sunshine annually is 1,524 hours.
• The average relative humidity is between 85 and 87%.

  Demography

• Over the last 20 years, Hải Dương province has been experiencing a big change in its demographics. During this period, the rate of fertility decreased dramatically from a high rate at 6.7% to 2.14% between 2000 and 2008. The same pattern is found with the mortality rate. This is a result of the success of the family planning program and the improvement of the health care system in the province as well as innovations in medicine. In addition, life expectancy also increased over time. These changes have taken place at a speed that is much quicker than the world average rate and the rate of many other places in Asia.
• The number of persons aged 60 years or older in Hải Dương Province is estimated to be 600,000 in 2010. This number is projected to grow to nearly 800,000 by 2050, at which time it will be equal to the population of children under 15. This historic crossover of an increasing share of older persons and a declining share of children will mark the first time that the number of children and older persons are the same.
• There are many ethnic groups of which the Kinh make up 99% of the population. Major religions include Buddhism, Catholicism and Protestantism of Christianity, Confucianism, Caodaism and the Hòa Hảo faith. With that being said, ancestor worship is probably the predominant "religion", although they may not realize it.

  History

• Hải Dương is located in the Red River Delta and originated from the civilization of the Red River. Hải Dương has had many name changes throughout history, such as Dương Tuyền, Giao Chỉ and Giao Châu, Nam Sách Lo, Hồng Lo, Hồng Châu, Nam Sách, Thừa tuyên and Hải Dương.
• Hải Dương Province was established in 1831 and was first called "Thành Đông" which means "the city to the east of Thăng Long citadel".
• In the early 20th century, the patriotic movement was expanded in Hải Dương.
• In the 1930s, the Hải Dương people carried out two resistance wars against the imperial French and American empires and then achieved victory after prolonged fighting.
• In 1968, Hải Dương was merged with Hưng Yên to become Hải Hưng Province.
• In January 1997, Hải Hưng was separated into Hải Dương and Hưng Yên.
• In August 1997, the government decided to upgrade Hải Dương from a town to city status. Since 1997, Hải Dương has had 11 districts and a city.

  Economy

• Hải Dương province is located in the center of the Red River Delta, which has good conditions in transportation, agriculture and industrial production. Hải Dương province has an important role in the social economic development of the country. Its natural land area and sources are favorable for developing the economy. More than 800,000 of the 1.7 million people are employed, with over 500,000 employed in the agriculture industry. This is a benefit for the social and economic development of Hải Dương.
• Hải Dương has prioritized developing agriculture and industrial production. Hải Dương received domestic and international investment in over 50 industrial areas in the whole province. There are foreign business partners from places such as Britain, Germany, France and Hong Kong. Hải Dương also developed agriculture in the direction of economic, industrialization and modernization.
• For the past few years, Hải Dương has provided big cities such as Hanoi, Haiphong, and also consumers throughout Vietnam, with special produce such as lychee or traditional specialties such as green bean cake.
• In recent years, agriculture in Hải Dương has developed quickly and steadily.

  Population and new urban areas

Population

• According to the Hải Dương Statistical Yearbook 2008, Hải Dương has an area of 1,651.8 km², with a population of 1,732,814. The population density is 1,049 per/km². The average population in 2007 by sex and by region is as follows:
• * By sex: Male: 842,002; female: 890,812
• * By region: Urban: 279,850; rural: 1,452,964
• The rate of population growth:
• * Whole province: 9.60%
• * Urban: 10.38%
• * Rural: 9.50%
• Number of people at working age: 1,094,272

  New urban areas

Education system

• Pre-primary for children from 2 to 5 years old to form thinking for children and creating the daily habits needed for this age group, although not all children must learn at this level.
• Primary school starts at age 6: it consists of 5 levels, from grades 1 to 5. This is a grade school and is required for all students.
• Level II of secondary school includes 4 levels, from grades 6 to 9. Students must learn Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Technology, written language, History, Geography, Civic Education, Foreign Language, Health, Parenting, Music and Visual Arts.

• Level III of secondary school consists of 3 levels, from grades 10 to 12. To graduate level III, students must participate in the graduation exam for secondary schools of education and training.

• 1 Department of Education and Training
• 12 Offices of Education
• 13 Education Centers
• 12 Vocational Centers

Public health

• Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, and increasing life and health through the organized efforts of society. Public health is typically divided into epidemiology, bio-statistics and health services. The problems related to environmental, social, behavioral and occupational health are also important sub-fields in public health.
• The main purpose of public health is to prevent disease. There are many activities about public health. Nowadays, as a result of increased traffic injuries and accidents, and even deaths, concern among the global public has increased. The World Health Organization notes that the increase in injuries will result in it becoming one of the three main leading causes of death in the world by 2020. So, the prevention of accidents has been a priority for the country. Hải Dương is one of the first six provinces in Vietnam to construct programs for a Safe Public for Children.
• A Safe Public for Children site has been constructed in Đức Chính village, Cẩm Giàng district. An experimental trial project was started in 2004. After just one year, the Safe Public for Children project had a positive impact: the injury/accident rate with children had significantly decreased.

  Transportation

• In fact, transport in Hải Dương province developed very fast. During the last 5 years, the whole land transportation in Hải Dương was upgraded and improved with various projects. In 1999, the National Road No. 5 connecting Hanoi and Haiphong was upgraded to first-class status.
• Today, there are 649 km of roads under the central management including National Road Nos. 5, 18, 183 and 37 that have been completely built or upgraded. These roads are favorable for traveling and goods transportation within the Hải Dương province. Furthermore, there are 11 provincial asphalt land routes with a total length of 258 km and 27 land routes at district level with a total length of 352 km, of which 70% have been asphalt.
• Hải Dương has 10 waterways with a total length of nearly 300 km under the central management and six waterways with a total length of 140 km under local management. However, most of the transport operations on these waterways have not been planned yet.
• Hải Dương also has 70 km of railway

  Media, culture, and entertainment

Cuisine