Grammatophyllum


Grammatophyllum, sometimes abbreviated in horticultural trade as Gram, is a genus of 13 currently known orchid species. The name is derived from the Greek words 'gramma' and 'phyllon', referring to the parallel leaf veins or the markings of the perianth. This epiphytic genus occurs in dense rainforest from Indo-China, to Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, and the Southwest Pacific islands.
The species produce several racemes, arising from the base of the pseudobulb, with many yellow-green to olive-green, waxy flowers with dark purplish-red marks. The pseudobulbs are enveloped by sheaths.
These are medium-sized to very large orchids, including the giant orchid, believed to be the largest orchid species in existence. Its pseudobulbs can grow to a length of 2.5 m. Plants can develop into gigantic clusters weighing from several hundred kilograms to one ton. The roots form spectacular bundles.
The more modest bell orchid is another well-known species, with pseudobulbs of 20 cm, from which originate 3 to 4 stout leaves with a length of 1 m.
Grammatophyllum multiflorum is one of the longest-blooming orchids in existence: it can be in bloom for nine months. See also Dendrobium cuthbertsonii, whose flowers have been reported to last up to ten months each.
Grammatophyllum 'Tiger's paw' is a hybrid from G. elegans and G. fenzlianum.

Species

  1. Grammatophyllum elegans.
  2. Grammatophyllum kinabaluense.
  3. Grammatophyllum martae
  4. Grammatophyllum measuresianum
  5. Grammatophyllum multiflorum
  6. Grammatophyllum pantherinum
  7. Grammatophyllum ravanii
  8. Grammatophyllum rumphianum.
  9. Grammatophyllum schmidtianum.
  10. Grammatophyllum scriptum : Bell orchid.
  11. Grammatophyllum speciosum : Giant orchid, tiger orchid, Queen of Orchids - type species
  12. Grammatophyllum stapeliiflorum.
  13. Grammatophyllum wallisii