Government of Peru


The Republic of Peru is a unitary state and a presidential representative democratic republic with a multi-party system. The current government was established by the 1993 Constitution of Peru. The government is composed of three branches, being executive, judicial, and legislative branches.

Executive branch

Requirements to be Minister of State

According to Article 125 of the Political Constitution of Peru, in order to be Minister, it is required:
Article 92 states that members of Congress can be Ministers of State.

Functions

  1. Run the process of strategic planning, embedded in the National System of Strategic Planning and determining the sector's functional national goals applicable to every level of government; approve action plans; assign necessary resources to their execution, within the boundaries of the corresponding public budget.
  2. Approve the budget proposal to the entities within their sector, abiding by article 32 and supervising their execution.
  3. Stablish the management measurements of the entities within their sector and evaluate their fulfillment.
  4. Propose the inner organization of their Ministry and approve it according to their competencies attributed by Law.
  5. Designate and remove the advising positions or any directly appointed, the heads of public entities and other entities of the sector, when this appointment is not explicitly attributed to the Council of Ministries, other authorities or the President; and submit to the President the new appointees for approval on the contrary.
  6. Maintain relations with the regional and local government within the competencies attributed to the sector.
  7. Countersign the presidential mandates that concern to their Ministry
  8. Issue Supreme Resolution and Ministerial Resolutions.
  9. Put into effect the transfer of competencies, functions, and sectorial resources to Regional and Local Government and account for their execution.
  10. Execute all other functions that are put upon the Ministry by the Political Constitution of Peru, the Law, and the President.mlg
The Ministers of State can delegate, within their Ministry, the faculties and powers that are not exclusive to their function, to the extent that it is allowed by Law. Functions 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 are exclusive to the Minister.

Ministries in Peru

MinistryMinister in charge
Ministry of Foreign AffairsMario López Chávarri
Ministry of DefenseWalter Martos
Ministry of Economy and FinanceMaría Antonieta Alva
Ministry of the InteriorJorge Montoya
Ministry of Justice and Human RightsAna Cristina Neyra
Ministry of EducationMartín Benavides
Ministry of HealthPilar Mazzetti
Ministry of AgricultureJorge Luis Montenegro
Ministry of Labor and EmploymentMartín Ruggiero
Ministry of ProductionJosé Antonio Salardi
Ministry of Foreign Commerce and TourismRocío Barrios
Ministry of Energy and MiningRafael Belaúnde Llosa
Ministry of Transport and CommunicationsCarlos Estremadoyro
Ministry of Housing, Construction and SanitationCarlos Lozada Contreras
Ministry of Women and Vulnerable PopulationsGloria Montenegro
Ministry of EnvironmentKirla Echegaray
Ministry of CultureAlejandro Neyra
Ministry of Development and Social InclusionPatricia Donayre

Judicial branch

The judicial branch is represented by the Supreme Court Of Justice, a 16-member body divided into three supreme sectors:
The legislative branch of Peru is vested in the Congress of the Republic of Peru, which is a 130-member unicameral house. The legislators are elected for five-year terms on a proportional representation basis.The legislation is voted on in Congress, then sent to the president, who may approve it.

Suffrage

Universal suffrage is granted to all over the age of 18. Voting is compulsory until the age of 70. Some argue whether compulsive voting is for the best of the country and the citizens. Enforced strictly, with exceptions.