Government of North Korea
In the North Korean government, the Cabinet is the administrative and executive body. The North Korean government consists of three branches: administrative, legislative, and judicial. However, they are not independent of each other.
Institutions
Although the country follows authoritarianism, the leader must work through various agents and their institutions, which has the power to delay, modify, or even resist the leader's orders. These institutions may set the overall tone and direction for North Korea's foreign and domestic policy, make suggestions, offer policy options, and lobby Kim himself.The government is also confirmed by the Supreme People's Assembly. The Premier, who appoints three Vice Premiers and the government's ministers, heads the cabinet. The government is dominated by the ruling Workers' Party of Korea and has been since North Korea's inception in 1948.
The Cabinet now has the right to supervise and control the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea with regard to local economies and administration. As the State Administrative Council was replaced by the Cabinet, the Local Administrative and Economic Committee was abolished and its functions regarding local politics transferred to the LPC. Under WPK former General Secretary Kim Jong-il, the cabinet's power was elevated to equal status with Workers' Party of Korea and Korean People's Army Ground Force.
A party chief secretary no longer concurrently holds the post of LPC chairman, which has been taken over by a former LAEC chairman. Thus, the LPC is theoretically independent of the local party and is under the control of the Cabinet. The status of the LPC as the local executive organ, in principle, became higher than before.
The Economist Intelligence Unit listed North Korea in last place as an authoritarian regime in its 2012 Democracy Index assessing 168 countries.
Judiciary
is headed by the Supreme Court of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, which consists of a Chief Justice and two People's Assessors; three judges may be present in some cases. Their terms of office coincide with those of the members of the Supreme People's Assembly. Every court in North Korea has the same composition as the Central Court. The judicial system is theoretically held accountable to the SPA and the Presidium of the SPA when the legislature is not in session.The judiciary does not practice judicial review. The security forces so often interfere with the actions of the judiciary that the conclusion of most cases is foregone; experts outside North Korea and numerous defectors confirm this to be a widespread problem. Freedom House states that, "North Korea does not have an independent judiciary and does not acknowledge individual rights...reports of arbitrary detentions, 'disappearances,' and extrajudicial killings are common; torture is widespread and severe"
North Korea's fifth and current constitution was approved and adopted in September 1998, replacing the one previously adopted in 1972. The former constitution had last been amended in 1992. Under the new constitution, North Korea is a socialist state representing the interests of all the Korean people. Criminal penalties can be stiff; one of the basic functions of the system is to uphold the power of the regime. Because so little information is available concerning what actually occurs inside of the country, the extent to which there is any rule of law is uncertain. In any case, North Korea is known for its poor human rights situation and regularly detains thousands of dissidents without trial or benefit of legal advice. According to a US Department of State report on human rights practices, the government of North Korea often punishes the family of a criminal along with the perpetrator.
Workers' Party of Korea
The Workers' Party of Korea is organized according to the Monolithic Ideological System and the Great Leader, a system and theory conceived by Kim Yong-ju and Kim Jong-il. The highest body of the WPK is formally the Congress, which last convened as the 7th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea in May 2016. Although the WPK is organizationally similar to communist parties, in practice it is far less institutionalized and informal politics plays a larger role than usual. Institutions such as the Central Committee, the Secretariat, the Central Military Commission, the Politburo and the Presidium have much less power than that formally bestowed on them by the party's charter. Kim Jong-un is the current chairman of the WPK.Relatively compared with other institutions of North Korea, the WPK remains to be the most ideological and views itself as the defender of the revolutionary way by emphasizing sovereignty and nationalism, as well as its commitment to a socialist ideology. Therefore, in theory, the WPK opposes accommodation and economic reform of any type.
- Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea: Kim Jong-un
- Chairman of the Central Military Commission: Kim Jong-un
State Affairs Commission
In June 2016, following the 7th WPK Conference, the Constitution of North Korea was updated, replacing the National Defence Commission with the State Affairs Commission and placing Kim Jong-un as the Chairman of the State Affairs Commission. This places Kim Jong-un as the official head of state.
- Minister of People's Security: Choe Pu-il
- Minister of People's Armed Forces: Pak Yong-sik
State leaders
State Affairs Commission of DPRK
Members of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea are as follows:- Chairman: Kim Jong-un
- First Vice Chairman: Choe Ryong-hae
- Vice Chairmen:
- * Choe Ryong-hae, WPK Vice Chairman for Social Organizations
- * Pak Pong-ju
- Members of the Commission:
- *Kim Jae-ryong, Premier
- * Kim Ki-nam, WPK Vice Chairman for Propaganda
- * General of the Army Ri Yong-gil, Minister of the People's Armed Forces
- * Ri Su-yong, WPK Vice Chairman for International Relations
- * Ri Man-gon, WPK Vice Chairman for Machine Building
- * Kim Yong-chol, WPK Vice Chairman for United Front Work
- * General of the Army Kim Won-hong, Minister of State Security
- * General of the Army Choe Pu-il, Minister of People's Security
- * Ri Yong-ho, Foreign Minister
- * Ri Ryong-nam, Foreign Trade
Presidium of the SPA of the DPRK
- President: Choe Ryong-hae
- Vice presidents: Yang Hyong-sop and Kim Yong-dae
- Honorary vice-president: Kim Yong-ju, and Choe Yong-rim
- Secretary general of the Presidium: Hong Son-ok
Supreme People's Assembly
- Chairman: Pak Thae-song
- Vice-chairpersons: An Tong-chun and Ri Hye-jong
Cabinet
- Premier: Kim Jae-ryong
- Vice Premiers: Ro Tu-chol, Ri Mu-yong, Kim Yong Jin, Ri Chol-man, Kim Tok-hun
- Minister of Foreign Affairs: Ri Su-yong
- Minister of Finance: Choe Kwang-jin
WPK Central Committee
- Presidium of the Political Bureau: Kim Jong-un, Choe Ryong-hae, Pak Pong-ju, Kim Yong-nam, Hwang Pyong-so
- Members of the Political Bureau: Kim Jong-un, Kim Yong-nam, Hwang Pyong-so, Pak Pong-ju, Choe Ryong-hae, Kim Ki-nam, Choe Thae-bok, Ri Su-yong, Kim Phyong-hae, O Su-yong, Kwak Pom-gi, Kim Yong-chol, Ri Man-gon, Yang Hyong-sop, Ro Tu-chol, Pak Yong-sik, Ri Myong-su, Kim Won-hong and Choe Pu-il and Ri Yong-ho, Kim Jae-ryong. Alternate Members of the Political Bureau: Kim Su-gil, Kim Nung-o, Pak Thae-song, Ri Yong-ho, Im Chol-ung, Jo Yon-jun, Ri Pyong-chol, No Kwang-chol and Ri Yong-gil, and Kim Yo-jong, Kim Jong-sik, Ri Pyong-chol
- Executive Policy Bureau of the Party Central Committee:
- *Chairman of the WPK: Kim Jong-un
- *Vice-Chairmen of the Party Central Committee: Choe Ryong-hae, Kim Ki-nam, Choe Thae-bok, Ri Su-yong, Kim Phyong-hae, O Su-yong, Kwak Pom-gi, Kim Yong-chol and Ri Man-gon
- Central Military Commission:
- *Chairman: Kim Jong-un
- *Members: Hwang Pyong-so, Pak Pong-ju, Pak Yong-sik, Ri Myong-su, Kim Yong-chol, Ri Man-gon, Kim Won-hong, Choe Pu-il, Kim Kyong-ok, Ri Yong-gil and So Hong-chan
- Department Directors of the C.C., the WPK: Kim Ki-nam, Ri Su-yong, Kim Phyong-hae, O Su-yong, Kim Yong-chol, Ri Man-gon, Ri Il-hwan, An Jong-su, Ri Chol-man, Choe Sang-gon, Ri Yong-rae, Kim Jong-im, Kim Jung-hyop, Kim Man-song and Kim Yong-su
- Chairman of the Control Commission of the Party Central Committee: Hong In-bom