In 1982, at the age of 33, Loury became the first black tenured professor of economics in the history of Harvard University. He moved to Harvard's Kennedy School of Government after two years, feeling that the economics appointment was a mistake because he "wasn’t yet fully established as a scientist." In 1984, Loury drew the attention of critics with "A New American Dilemma", published in The New Republic, where he addressed what he terms "fundamental failures in black society" such as "the lagging academic performance of black students, the disturbingly high rate of black-on-black crime, and the alarming increase in early unwed pregnancies among blacks." In 1987, Loury's career continued its ascent when he was selected to be the next Undersecretaryof Education, a position which would have made him the second-highest-ranking black person in the Reagan administration. However, Loury withdrew from consideration on June 1, three days before being charged with assault after a "lover's quarrel" with a 23-year-old woman. Loury was later arrested for possession of cocaine. After a subsequent period of seclusion and self-reflection, Loury reemerged as a born-again Christian and described himself as a "black progressive". Loury left Harvard in 1991 to go toBoston University, where he headed the Institute on Race and Social Division. In 2005, Loury left Boston University for Brown University, where he was named a professor in the Economics Department, and a research associate of the Population Studies and Training Center. Loury's areas of study include applied microeconomic theory: welfare economics, game theory, industrial organization, natural resource economics, and the economics of income distribution. In addition to economics, he has also written extensively on the themes of racial inequality and social policy. Loury currently hosts The Glenn Show on Bloggingheads.tv. In June 2020, Loury published a rebuttal to a letter Brown University presidentChristina Paxson sent to students and alumni in response to the murder of George Floyd by a policeman. Loury questioned the purpose of Paxson's letter, saying it either "affirmed platitudes to which we can all subscribe, or, more menacingly, it asserted controversial and arguable positions as though they were axiomatic certainties." He is a supporter of the 1776 Project. Loury was elected as a member of the Econometric Society in 1994, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2000, and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2011. Loury is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.