Gervase Clifton (died 1471)


Sir Gervase Clifton of Clifton, Nottinghamshire and London was a 15th-century English knight and landowner. He was beheaded after the Battle of Tewkesbury.

Origins

Gervase Clifton was the son of Sir Gervase Clifton of Hodsock and Clifton, Nottinghamshire, only son of Sir John Clifton, and his wife, Katherine Cressy. The younger Sir Gervase Clifton's mother was Isabel Fraunceys, the daughter of Sir Robert Fraunceys of Foremark, Derbyshire. His only sibling was a brother, Robert Clifton.
He was a junior member of the Clifton family of Nottinghamshire, descended from the 11th century Alvaredus de Clifton, warden of Nottingham Castle "in the time of William Peverell, bastard son of William the Conqueror".

Career

Clifton served as Lieutenant of Dover Castle and as Captain of Pontoise, France where he was knighted. He came into an estate at Brabourne, Kent, by his marriage to an heiress, Isabel Herbert. He was Mayor of Canterbury in 1450, served as High Sheriff of Kent for 1439, 1450 and 1458 and represented Kent in the Parliament of 1455.
Clifton was not captain of Pontoise; he was not knighted there. There is no contemporary source that Clifton was ever at Pontoise; Hall is a Tudor historian. He was still an esquire when he became Treasurer of Calais in May 1451, not 1450.
He was briefly Treasurer of the Household of Henry VI and Treasurer of Calais in 1450–1460.
He was declared a traitor for his support of Margaret of Anjou. He took part in and was captured at the Battle of Tewkesbury during the Wars of the Roses and was beheaded in Tewkesbury market place along with other Lancastrian leaders on 6 May 1471.

Marriages and children

Clifton married twice, leaving no sons, only two daughters and co-heiresses by his first wife.

First wife

Firstly he married Isabel Herbert, widow of William Scott of Brabourne, Kent, and daughter of Vincent Herbert of Netherfield, Sussex by his wife Isabel Cralle, daughter and coheiress of Robert Cralle. Their two daughters were:
Clifton's second marriage, before 20 March 1463, was to Maud Stanhope, widow firstly of Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, and secondly of Sir Thomas Neville, second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, executed at Pontefract on 31 December 1460 after the Battle of Wakefield. Maud Stanhope was the daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope of Rampton, Nottinghamshire by his second wife, Maud Cromwell, daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell. Maud Stanhope was the niece and coheiress of Ralph de Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell, and the heiress of her sister, Joan Stanhope, who had married firstly Sir Humphrey Bourchier, slain at the Battle of Barnet on 14 April 1471, and secondly Sir Robert Radcliffe of Hunstanton, Norfolk.
There were no children from Clifton's second marriage, and after his death his widow, Maud Stanhope, alleged that he had 'wasted and destroyed' more than £1000 worth of jewels, plate and household goods which she brought to the marriage as her dowry. She died 30 August 1497, and was buried in the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire.;