Gabčíkovo


For the Danube dam, see Gabčíkovo Dam.
Gabčíkovo is a municipality in Slovakia. It has around 5,100 inhabitants of whom 90% are Hungarians. The city was named after Jozef Gabčík, an important figure in the Czechoslovakian resistance to Nazi occupation.

Name

The Hungarian name of the town was first recorded in 1102 as Beys and preserves the name of its erstwhile Pecheneg inhabitants, pecheneg being besenyő in Hungarian. The town appears in several documents between 1262 and 1274 as a borderguard Pecheneg settlement.
The current Slovak name of the town was given by the authorities in 1948 after Jozef Gabčík, a Slovak soldier involved in Operation Anthropoid, the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia.

Geography

Gabčíkovo is situated along the Danube river on the border with Hungary, in the southern part of Great Rye Island around 12 km south of Dunajská Streda bordered by Baka to the west, Vrakúň to the east, Pataš, Baloň, Sap and Ňárad to the southeast, and the Hungarian villages of Lipót and Ásványráró to the southwest. Administratively, the village belongs to the Trnava Region, Dunajská Streda District.
Near to the village, there is the main part of the Gabčíkovo Waterworks, which is the reason for a long-term dispute between Hungary and the Slovak Republic.

History

In the 10th century, the territory of Gabčíkovo became part of the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1468, Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus gave Gabčíkovo the right of organizing a fair.
After the Austro-Hungarian army disintegrated in November 1918, Czechoslovak troops occupied the area, later acknowledged internationally by the Treaty of Trianon. Between 1938 and 1945 Gabčíkovo once more became part of Miklós Horthy's Hungary through the First Vienna Award. From 1945 until the Velvet Divorce, it was part of Czechoslovakia. Since then it has been part of Slovakia.

Demography

In 1910, it had a population of 2823 of whom 2805 were listed as Hungarians. After the Treaty of Trianon, more Slovaks started to move into the area. As of 2011, the population includes 5361 inhabitants, of which 4711 are Hungarians, and 580 are Slovaks.

Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Bratislava, Slovakia"