Free trade agreements of Canada


is regularly described as a trading nation as its total trade is worth more than two-thirds of its GDP. Of that total trade, roughly 75% is done with countries which are part of free-trade agreements with Canada, primarily the United States through the North American Free Trade Agreement. By the end of 2014, Canada bilateral trade hit C$1 trillion for the first time.
The North American Free Trade Agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico came into force on January 1, 1994, creating the largest free-trade region in the world by GDP. By 2014, the combined GDP for the NAFTA area was estimated to be over C$20 trillion with a market encompassing 474 million people. Building on that success, Canada continues to negotiate and has concluded free-trade agreements with more than 40 countries, most recently with South Korea, which represents Canada's first FTA with a partner in the Asia-Pacific region. As of 2018, Canada has also concluded two other significant multilateral trade agreements: the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement with the European Union and the eleven-nation Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership with ten other Pacific Rim countries. On 21 September 2017, CETA was provisionally applied, immediately eliminating 98 per cent of EU's tariff lines on Canadian goods. Canada is currently the only G7 country to have free trade agreements in force with all other G7 countries. Free trade with the final G7 country, Japan, commenced when the CPTPP entered into force on 30 December 2018.

World Trade Organization

is a founding member of the World Trade Organization since January 1, 1995.

Free-trade agreements

Agrements in force or provisionally in force

The following is a list of countries and trading blocs that Canada has current FTAs with.
Agreement nameAbbreviationCountries/blocs involvedSignedEntered into force
Canada–United States Free Trade AgreementCUSFTA12 October 19871 January 1989
North American Free Trade AgreementNAFTA
17 December 19921 January 1994
Canada–Israel Free Trade AgreementCIFTA31 July 19961 January 1997
Canada–Chile Free Trade AgreementCCFTA5 December 19965 July 1997
Canada–Costa Rica Free Trade AgreementCCRFTA23 April 20011 November 2002
Canada–European Free Trade Association Free Trade AgreementCEFTA26 January 20081 July 2009
Canada–Peru Free Trade AgreementCPFTA29 May 20081 August 2009
Canada–Colombia Free Trade Agreement21 November 200815 August 2011
Canada–Jordan Free Trade Agreement28 June 20091 October 2012
Canada–Panama Free Trade Agreement14 May 20101 April 2013
Canada–Honduras Free Trade Agreement5 November 20131 October 2014
Canada–Korea Free Trade AgreementCKFTA11 March 20141 January 2015
Canada–Ukraine Free Trade AgreementCUFTA11 July 20161 August 2017
Comprehensive Economic and Trade AgreementCETA30 October 201621 September 2017
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific PartnershipCPTPP,
TPP-11		8 March 201830 December 2018
Canada–United States–Mexico AgreementCUSMA,
USMCA
30 November 20181 July 2020

Free-trade agreements under negotiation

Canada is negotiating bilateral FTAs with the following countries and trade blocs:
Canada is undertaking exploratory discussions of bilateral or multilateral FTAs with the following countries and trade blocs, although formal negotiations have not yet begun:
Agreement nameAbbreviationCountries involvedNotes
Free Trade Area of the AmericasFTAAProposed expansion of the North American Free Trade Agreement to all members of the Organization of American States, negotiated from 1994 to 2005. During the 4th Summit of the Americas in 2005, 26 of the countries pledged to meet again in 2006 to resume negotiations but no such meeting took place.
Canada–Central American Four Free Trade AgreementCCA4FTATwelve rounds of negotiations from 2001 to 2010. When no agreement was reached during the 2010 round, Canada and Honduras decided to pursue bilateral negotiations and concluded a separate bilateral FTA.
Trans-Pacific PartnershipTPPAgreement was signed 4 February 2016. Following the withdrawal of the United States' signature on 23 January 2017 the agreement is defunct, and the remaining members instead concluded the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership.

Foreign investment promotion and protection agreements

A foreign investment promotion and protection agreement is an agreement to promote foreign investing.

FIPAs in force

The following is a list of FIPAs in force, including date of entry into force.
The following is a list of FIPAs that have been concluded and signed, but have not yet entered into force.
The following is a list of FIPA negotiations concluded, and are not in force. First is the country, then the date it was concluded.
The following is a list of FIPA negotiations that have not yet concluded.