François Tuefferd


François Tuefferd was a French photographer, active from the 1930s to the 1950s. He also ran a darkroom and gallery in Paris, Le Chasseur d'Images, where he printed and exhibited the works of his contemporaries. His best-known imagery features the French circus.

Biography

Born into a well-to-do family on 30 May 1912 in Montbéliard, Tuefferd was encouraged in his early interest in photography by his father, Jean-Pierre Tuefferd, doctor and capable amateur photographer and, from 1959 to 1965, mayor of Montbéliard.
Tuefferd studied at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand in Paris in 1920. He made his first photographs in 1925 with a vest-pocket Kodak and on his first trip to Tunisia in 1929. Resident there in 1931 he joined the 4th Zouaves Regiment, and equipped with a Leica and a Spido press camera by L. Gaumont & Cie, he made portraits of soldiers and landscapes of the desert as well as documenting the Tunisian population, hitherto ignored by photographers.

Career

Tuefferd began exhibiting in the salons in the 1930s, including the influential XXXI Salon International D'Art Photographique in 1936, which was judged by Laure Albin-Guillot.
On leave, he met George Hoyningen-Huene who lent him his Rolleiflex to take pictures of the shooting of a parody of L'Atlantide by GW Pabst. Impressed by the quality of the photos, Hoyningen-Huene offered him an internship at Vogue studios in Paris in the autumn, where he worked in the studio, darkroom and retouching workshop on advertising and product shots. In March 1932, he left the Vogue studio and entered that of Gaston Grenier. There he set up a specialized facilities for 35 mm processing and very quickly photographers such as Rogi André, Ilse Bing, Robert Capa, Ergy Landau and Man Ray became his clients. He photographed the liner SS Normandie in 1936.

First Paris gallery dedicated to photography

In June 1937, with an inheritance, Tuefferd opened the Le Chasseur d'Images gallery at 46 rue du Bac, the first Paris gallery dedicated to photography in which he showed both known and unknown photographers. Emmanuel Sougez was first to exhibit there in June 1937. German photographer Herbert List pinned his prints directly to the wall as it was customary in the photo galleries of the time. Others followed in solo or group exhibitions: Pierre Adam, Marcel Arthaud, Ilse Bing, Serge Boiron, Bill Brandt, Max Del, Louis Caillaud, Yvonne Chevalier, André Garban, Sandro Guida, Pierre Jahan, Henri Lacheroy, René-Leon Servant.
Le Chasseur d'Images also presented the original illustrations of Arts et Métiers Graphiques "Photographie" albums from 1938 to 1939. He organized the first Rectangle exhibition, of works by the group of 13 exclusively French photographers whose founder was Sougez, and presented the Modernist photography club, Le Noir et Blanc, successor to the Rolleiclub. The gallery could present up to 150 30 × 40 cm prints and photographs were sold for 100 Francs. Shows rarely exceeded two weeks in duration and on opening nights, the gallery provided an invaluable rendezvous for photographers. Mobilization for war in September 1939 brought an end to the enterprise.

Exhibitions at Chasseur d'Images

1937

In October 1940, he returned to Paris and devoted himself to documenting, in a humanist mode, the world of the circus that visited Paris every year and in which he found a unique subject, a world of its own redolent of Old Paris, and for years photographed trapeze artists seen from below, spotlit against a dark background and gasping spectators craning their necks, as well as behind-the-scenes vignettes of circus performers applying makeup, practicing, eating and training animals.
He was stills photographer for Pathé-Cinéma’s Port d'attache and Le Secret de Madame Clapain. For the publisher Prisma, he wrote the practical component of a photography correspondence course and articles for L'Agenda Prisma.

Postwar in France and Tunisia

In 1945, after making documentaries for the tourist commission, Tuefferd went back to Tunisia to shoot documentary films on Ramadan, on the island of Djerba, in Kairouan, and a falcon hunt. Banned in Paris from continuing his professional practice during the Régime de Vichy, he went to New York City to reunite with his artist friends, among them Alexander Calder whom he had met in Tunisia.
In 1946, he helped co-found the influential Le Groupe des XV with René Servant, Marcel Bovis, Lucien Lorelle, Jean Séeberger, and Emmanuel Sougez.
In 1949, he returned to France and resumed his work on the circus. He contributed photography to the journals L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui, Le Courrier des métiers d'art, Métiers de France.

Life in America

In the early 1950s Tuefferd lived for a time in Hudson, NH and photographed in the USA, and in 1955 was included by Edward Steichen in the seminal world-touring The Family of Man that commenced at the Museum of Modern Art.
In the midst of a snowstorm on Mt Cardigan, NH, in 1968 met his wife-to-be Helen who was a member of the Appalachian Mountain Club, participating in White Mountain hikes. Though for a time he relinquished photography to work in electronics in the United States he resumed again in 1992.
He died on December 17, 1996 and was survived by his wife Helen, and his two sons, Max and Nanook.
The Musée National des Arts et Traditions posthumously showed his circus imagery in an exhibit in 1999 entitled François Tuefferd: "Le cirque", photographs 1933-1954. A catalogue of his circus work was published by la Réunion des Musées Nationaux.

Collections