The Cavalas Fort was one of the fortifications constructed in the context of the 1580 Succession Crisis, by the Corregedor of the Azores, Ciprião de Figueiredo e Vasconcelos, from the defensive plans elaborated by Tommaso Benedetto in 1567, after the attack of the French pirate Pierre Bertrand de Montluc on Funchal, and the attempted attack on Angra, also in 1566: Drummond registered: "More ahead , significant space, was founded the fort of the Cavalas, with wall on the west to defend the natural wharf that there existed;..." In the context of the Spanish Succession it was referred to as "O Forte das Cavallas", in the "Fortificações nos Açores existentes em 1710". With the establishment of the Captaincy-General of the Azores, the state of the fort was listed in 1767 as: Manoel de Mattos P. de Carvalho, in his "Notícia da fortificação da ilha Terceira", around 1766: A plan, also referred to as Forte das Cavallas, in the "Colecção de Plantas e Alçados de 32 Fortalezas dos Açores, por Joze Rodrigo d'Almeida em 1806". The Relação of field Marshall Barão de Bastos, situated the fort in the parish of Porto Judeu and indicated that it was incapable of defending the coast. In the survey of the forts of Terceira in 1881, the fortress was abandoned and in a state of ruin. During the second World War, part of the corner of the old fort was reused to construct the houses used to garrison the machine-gunners posted along the bays of Salga and das Mós. In 1962, then president of the Câmara Municipal de Angra, Manuel Coelho Baptista de Lima, obtained the concession from the Minister of War. At the time they projected the recuperation of the fort, that included landscaping and the creation of campground. Alongside the Fort of Salga, a similar re-purposing of military fortifications occurred, where they would create a picnic area. Yet, even after these plans, the project never advanced and the fort continued to degrade.
Architecture
Located in a dominant position over a coastal section of the civil parish, the fortification was used for defence of anchorage from pirates and privateers that frequented the waters of the North Atlantic. The fort crossed artillery barrages with the Redoubt of Salga, the Fort of Salga and the Fort of the Caninas. The bastion-type fortification, is based in an irregular polygon, adapted to the cliff and coastal shoreline. With capacity for nine artillery pieces and canon emplacements, the interior spaces include gunpowder magazine accessed by a ramp and a garrison building.
