The fig sign is a mildly obscene gesture used at least since the Roman Age in Italy and Southern Europe and parts of the Mediterranean region, including in Turkish culture, and has also been adopted by Slavic cultures. The gesture uses a thumb wedged in between two fingers. This gesture is most commonly used to ward off the evil eye, insult someone, or deny a request. Because of its origins in Southern Europe or Latin Europe, the gesture was imported to Latin America. In Brazil, use of this gesture is said to ward off evil eye, jealousy, etc. Ornaments with this symbol are often worn as a good luck charm. In ancient Rome, the fig sign, or manu fica, was made by the pater familias to ward off the evil spirits of the dead as a part of the Lemuria ritual. The hand gesture may have originated in ancient Indian culture to depict the lingam and yoni. Among early Christians, it was known as the manus obscena, or "obscene hand". The letter "T" in the American manual alphabet is very similar to this gesture. The word sycophant comes from the Ancient Greek word συκοφάντης, meaning "one who shows or reveals figs"; though there is no unequivocal explanation as to the reason why sycophants in Ancient Greece were so called, one explanation is that the sycophant, by making false accusations, insulted the defendant in a manner analogous to making the fig sign.
International nomenclature
In Italy this sign, known as mano in fico, or far le fiche, for the resemblance to female genitalia, was a common and very rude gesture in past centuries, similar to the finger, but has long since fallen out of use. Notably, a remnant of its usage is found in Dante's Divine Comedy, and it is commonly represented in medieval paintings of the Man of Sorrow.. The same gesture is now used, as a joke, with kids, but represents the stealing of the nose and has no offensive or intimate meaning.
In Greece and particularly in the Ionian Islands this gesture is still used as an alternative to the moutza. It is known as a "fist-phallus", and can be accompanied by extending the right hand while clasping the left hand under one's armpit in a derogatory manner.
In Japan this sign is called セックス and means sex. Since 1989, it has fallen into disuse.
In Russia, Poland it is used when denying a request. For example, when asked to hand something over, a child might make the gesture, thereby implying that they will not give it.
In Lithuania it's called "špyga" and usually when using it some would say "špyga taukuota". As well as in Russia and Poland it means denying a request and refusing to do it. It's not as commonly used now, but more by the parents generation born around 50's-60's as well as their parent generation too.
In Croatia and Serbia it is used when denying a request or when swearing a false oath. In the request denial case it is called a fig but also a "rose hip". "Evo ti figa/Šipak!" is a slightly rude but also a humorous way of rejecting someone's request. In addition - it is also used when swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth. In this case, it is said that a person is taking a false oath by hiding a fig sign in a pocket.
In Turkey, it is an obscene gesture equivalent to showing the middle finger, and is also used to show disagreement at a statement or to deny a request. In the latter sense, it is often accompanied by the "nah!" conveying negation or disagreement, or by the imperative "al!" meaning "take it!", or the combination of the two: "nah alırsın!" meaning "you will get nothing!" Thus, the gesture is often referred to as "nah çekmek", meaning to "draw a nah". It is used in a similar context in Bulgaria.
In Korea, it has a likewise meaning as in Turkey as to mean "Here have it!", often accompanied by a gesture in which one looks through his/her pockets as of searching something later to reveal the fig sign. It's an old sign and fallen into mostly disuse.
In many countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Czech Republic, Argentina and Uruguay, this sign has no obscene meaning and is instead used in a game where a player "steals" someone else's nose. This is usually done with small children where the player pretends to take their nose and then say "I've got your nose". The thumb represents the "stolen" nose held between the player's index and middle finger. This innocent meaning may exist alongside the obscene one, for example in Germany.
In Indonesia and the Netherlands, it is known as a gesture symbol for sexual intercourse. Where the thumb represent the male genitalia, the middle and index finger act as the female genitalia, this is to replicate the penetration of the male genitalia into the female genitalia. This hand gesture is still popular up until today especially among men.
In South Africa, it was once known as "the zap sign" and was the equivalent of giving the finger. The sign is nowadays known as the toffee sign, particularly in Afrikaans culture.
In Portugal, it is a gesture of good luck, or even wishing good luck.
In Madagascar, the gesture is an insult referring to one's mother genitalia
