Felix Salten was an Austrian author and literary critic in Vienna. His most famous work is Bambi, a Life in the Woods.
Life and death
Salten was born 6 September 1869 as Siegmund Salzmann in Pesht, Austria-Hungary. He was the grandson of an Orthodox rabbi. When he was four weeks old, his family relocated to Vienna, Austria. Many Jews were immigrating into the city during the late 19th century because Vienna had granted full citizenship to Jews in 1867. When his father became bankrupt, the sixteen-year-old Salten quit school and began working for an insurance agency. He also began submitting poems and book reviews to journals. He became part of the "Young Vienna" movement and soon received work as a full-time art and theater critic for Vienna's press. In 1900 he published his first collection of short stories. In 1901 he initiated Vienna's first, short-lived literary cabaret Jung-Wiener Theater Zum lieben Augustin. He was soon publishing, on an average, one book a year, of plays, short stories, novels, travel books, and essay collections. He also wrote for nearly all the major newspapers of Vienna. In 1906 Salten went to Ullstein as an editor in chief of the B.Z. am Mittag and the Berliner Morgenpost, but relocated to Vienna some months later. He wrote also film scripts and librettos for operettas. In 1927 he became president of the Austrian P.E.N. club as successor of Arthur Schnitzler. The most famous work of Salten, who himself was an avid hunter, is Bambi. It was translated into English in 1928 and became a Book-of-the-Month Club success. In 1933, he sold the film rights to the American director Sidney Franklin for only $1,000, and Franklin later transferred the rights to the Walt Disney studios, which formed the basis of the 1942 animated classic, Bambi. Life in Austria became perilous for a prominent Jew during the 1930s. In Germany, Adolf Hitler had Salten's books banned in 1936. Two years later, after Germany's annexation of Austria, Salten moved to Zurich, Switzerland, with his wife, and spent his final years there. Felix Salten died on 8 October 1945, at the age of 76. He is buried at Israelitischer Friedhof Unterer Friesenberg. Salten married actress Ottilie Metzl in 1902, and had two children: Paul and Anna Katharina. He composed another book based on the character Bambi, titled Bambi’s Children: The Story of a Forest Family. His stories Perri and The Hound of Florence inspired the Disney films Perri and The Shaggy Dog, respectively. Salten is now considered to be the anonymous author of a witty, celebrated erotic novel, Josephine Mutzenbacher: The Life Story of a Viennese Whore, as Told by Herself, filled with social criticism.
Selected works
1899 – Der Gemeine
1906 – Josephine Mutzenbacher, authorship assumed – in German: Josefine Mutzenbacher oder Die Geschichte einer Wienerischen Dirne von ihr selbst erzählt
1907 – Herr Wenzel auf Rehberg und sein Knecht Kaspar Dinckel
1910 – Olga Frohgemuth
1911 – Der Wurstelprater
1922 – Das Burgtheater
1923 – Der Hund von Florenz; English translation by Huntley Paterson, illustrated by Kurt Wiese, The Hound of Florence,
1923 – Bambi: Eine Lebensgeschichte aus dem Walde; English transl. Whittaker Chambers, illus. Kurt Wiese, foreword John Galsworthy, as Bambi, a Life in the Woods ; re-illustrated by Barbara Cooney,
1925 – Neue Menschen auf alter Erde: Eine Palästinafahrt
1927 – Martin Overbeck: Der Roman eines reichen jungen Mannes
1929 – Fünfzehn Hasen: Schicksale in Wald und Feld; English transl. Whittaker Chambers, as Fifteen Rabbits ; revised and enlarged
1931 – Freunde aus aller Welt: Roman eines zoologischen Gartens; English transl. Whittaker Chambers, illus. Kurt Wiese, as The City Jungle
1931 – Fünf Minuten Amerika
1933 – Florian: Das Pferd des Kaisers; transl. Erich Posselt and Michel Kraike, Florian, the Emperor's Stallion,
1938 – Perri; German, Die Jugend des Eichhörnchens Perri
1939 – Bambi's Children, English translation ; German original, Bambis Kinder: Eine Familie im Walde
1940 – Renni the Rescuer
1942 – A Forest World
1945 – Djibi, the Kitten, illus. Walter Linsenmaier; U.S. transl., Jibby the Cat