On 14 June 2015 the Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal, the Federal Socialist Party Nepal and the Khas Samabeshi Party announced that they were to merge on 15 June 2015 to intensify their efforts to revive the fast “fading” Madhesi and Janajati movement in the country. The party was formed with Upendra Yadav and Rajendra Shrestha as co-chairs of the party and Ashok Rai as the parliamentary party leader. The new party had a total strength of 15 in the Constituent Assembly of Nepal following the merger. On 19 June 2017, Sarita Giri led Nepal Sadbhawana Party decided to merge with the party.
Local elections
On 27 February, the party announced that it would be participating in the first phase of the local elections to be held on May 14, going back on their previous decision to not participate until the constitution was amended. They also announced an alliance with Naya Shakti Party, Nepal led by former Prime MinisterBaburam Bhattarai, announcing that they would field common candidates and share the same electoral symbol in the upcoming elections. Following this decision party co-chair Upendra Yadav was removed as head of the Federal Alliance and the party was removed from the alliance. The party did not win any seats in the first of the local elections. In the second phase of the election however, 382 candidates from the party were elected, including 8 in mayoral posts. The party broke its alliance with Naya Shakti before the third phase of the elections after failing to merge the two parties. 1,057 candidates from the party were elected, the party won in 26 mayoral posts including a win in Birgunj.
Legislative and provincial elections
The party announced an alliance with Rastriya Janata Party, Nepal before the elections. The party won 16 seats to the House of Representatives and finished with the fifth highest vote count in proportional representation. The party was one of five parties to be declared "national parties". In the provincial assembly elections, the party won 3 seats in Province No. 1, 29 seats in Province No. 2 and 5 seats in Province No. 5. Following the election, FSFN and Rastriya Janata Party announced that they would form a coalition government in Province No. 2, with FSFN getting the post of Chief Minister and RJPN getting the post of Speaker. Mohammad Lalbabu Raut who was parliamentary party leader in the provincial assembly was appointed as the Chief Minister of Province No. 2.
Ideology
The party in its manifesto has expressed support for identity-based federalism and socialism. The party has stated that it would also end discrimination and suffering based on ethnicity, language, gender and regional status. The manifesto also reads that the party was formed in view of the need for an alternate national force to implement the progressive agendas including rights of ethnic groups, identity, federalism, republic, secularism, inclusive democracy, autonomy, good governance, proportional system, and social justice and security.
