Extremely large telescope
An extremely large telescope is an astronomical observatory featuring an optical telescope with an aperture for its primary mirror from 20 metres up to 100 metres across,
when discussing reflecting telescopes of optical wavelengths including ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared wavelengths. Among many planned capabilities, extremely large telescopes are planned to increase the chance of finding Earth-like planets around other stars. Telescopes for radio wavelengths can be much bigger physically, such as the aperture fixed focus radio telescope of the Arecibo Observatory. Freely steerable radio telescopes with diameters up to have been in operation since the 1970s.
These telescopes have a number of features in common, in particular the use of a segmented primary mirror, and the use of high-order adaptive optics systems.
Although extremely large telescope designs are large, they can have smaller apertures than the aperture synthesis on many large optical interferometers. However, they may collect much more light, along with other advantages.
List of telescopes
The Keck Observatory and the Very Large Telescope, of the European Southern Observatory on Cerro Paranal in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, measure 4 × 8.2 m and 4 × 1.8 m, all on separate mounts but in one building for interferometry.Budget
Possible budget figures, which are estimates and can vary over time. For construction costs, it is recommended to estimate the cost of a giant telescope with the following equation:Name | Cost | Alternate |
Extremely Large Telescope | $ million | €1055 million |
Thirty Meter Telescope | $1400 million | |
Giant Magellan Telescope | $1000 million | |
Large Binocular Telescope | $120 million | |
Gran Telescopio Canarias | $ million | €130 million |
Projects
There were several telescopes in various stages in the 1990s and early 2000s, and some developed into construction projects.;Under construction
- : Extremely Large Telescope
- : Giant Magellan Telescope
- : Thirty Meter Telescope
Some of these projects have been cancelled, or merged into ongoing extremely large telescopes.
- : Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope, merged into TMT
- : Overwhelmingly Large Telescope, passed over in favor of ELT
- : Very Large Optical Telescope, merged into TMT
- : Large Atacama Telescope
- : European 50-metre Telescope, merged into ELT
- : Large Petal Telescope
- : Japanese ELT Project; Japan joined the TMT project in 2008
- : California Extremely Large Telescope, became/merged into TMT
- Swedish Extremely Large Telescope Project
- MAXAT