European School
A European School is a type of international school emphasising a multilingual and multicultural pedagogical approach to the teaching of nursery, primary and secondary students, leading to the European Baccalaureate as their secondary leaving qualification. Each European School is set up, financed, and operated by the international organisation, the "European Schools", controlled jointly by the member states of the European Union and the European Commission. The schools prioritise, for enrolment purposes, the children of EU staff.
The first European School, founded in Luxembourg, in 1953, had the objective of providing an education to the children of employees of the institutions of the European Coal and Steel Community — a forerunner of today's European Union. Originally, a private initiative of employees of the ECSC, the concept attracted the attention of EU founding father, Jean Monnet as capturing the spirit of the post-war effort to reconcile and integrate Europe.
As of September 2017, there are thirteen European Schools located in six EU member states in close proximity to European institutions.
Since 2005, upon a recommendation of the European Parliament, the title of an "Accredited European School" has been available for schools under national jurisdiction and financing, which have been approved, by the Board of Governors of the European Schools, to offer the European Schools' curriculum and the European Baccalaureate.
Legal Status
The schools, despite their close connection to the EU, are neither EU bodies, nor under the full jurisdiction of the individual member states of the European Union. They are instead administered and financed through the international organisation "The European Schools", established by means of an intergovernmental treaty, the 1957 Statute of the European School, since repealed and replaced by the 1994 Convention Defining the Statute of the European Schools. All EU member states, as well as the EU itself, and the European Atomic Energy Community are party to this agreement. As part of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU, it will remain party to the Convention until the end of the academic year ongoing at the end of the transition period. The Schools are legally recognised in all participating jurisdictions as public bodies.Locations
There are thirteen European Schools, found in eight municipalities, across six EU countries, in close proximity to EU institutions, or in the case of the European School, Munich, the European Patent Organisation. There are currently five European Schools in Belgium and discussions are currently being held about building a fifth school in Brussels at an undetermined future date.School | Country | Founded/Opened in |
European School, Luxembourg I | Luxembourg | 1953 |
European School, Brussels I | Belgium | 1958 |
European School, Mol | Belgium | 1960 |
European School, Varese | Italy | 1960 |
European School, Karlsruhe | Germany | 1962 |
European School, Bergen | Netherlands | 1963 |
European School, Brussels II | Belgium | 1974 |
European School, Munich | Germany | 1977 |
European School, Brussels III | Belgium | 2000 |
European School, Frankfurt am Main | Germany | 2002 |
European School, Alicante | Spain | 2002 |
European School, Luxembourg II | Luxembourg | 2004 |
European School, Brussels IV | Belgium | 2006 |
European School, Brussels V | Belgium | originally due in 2019, delayed until 2021 |
European School, Culham - United Kingdom - was opened in 1978 and closed on 31 August 2017.
Curriculum
The curriculum is common to all thirteen schools and is centrally controlled by the Board of Inspectors and the Board of Governors.Secondary level
Compulsory subjects for Years 1–7 of the secondary school:- First language
- Second language
- Mathematics
- History
- Geography
- Ethics/religion
- Physical education
- Art
- Music
- Third language
- Natural sciences: Physics, Chemistry and Biology
- Philosophy
- Physics and/or Chemistry and/or Biology
- ICT and Latin in Year 3
- Economics, Music, or a Fourth and Fifth language in Years 4–7
Foreign language education
European Baccalaureate
The European Baccalaureate is the leaving certification of the European Schools, and should be distinguished from the International Baccalaureate and the baccalaureates of various national systems. It is a two-year course assessing the performance of students in the subjects taught in Years 6–7, and culminating in a final series exams taken at the end of Year 7. As per the multilingual ethos of the Schools, certain subjects are instructed and assessed in each student's respective second language. Details of the examinations are set out in the Annex of the Statute of the European School and in the regulations for the European Baccalaureate.Those students undertaking the European Baccalaureate are required to study at least 8 and up to a maximum of 11 academic subjects, in addition to physical education and moral/religion, with different weightings according to the course choices made when commencing the Baccaluareate. The final mark is calculated as a percentage, where 60% is the minimum for a pass.
The European Baccalaureate is administered and directly supervised by an external examining board appointed annually by the Board of Governors. The examining board consists of up to three representatives of each member state, who must satisfy the conditions governing the appointment of equivalent examining boards in their respective countries. It is presided over by a senior university educator appointed by each member state in turn, assisted by a member of the Board of Inspectors of the Schools.
Article 5 of the Statute provides that holders of the Baccalaureate shall:
- enjoy, in the Member State of which they are nationals, all the benefits attaching to the possession of the diploma or certificate awarded at the end of secondary school education in that country; and
- be entitled to seek admission to any university in the territory of any Member State on the same terms as nationals of that Member State with equivalent qualifications.
Common extra-curricula activities and events
Sports teams of the European Schools compete in the biennial Eurosport event, with the Schools alternating as hosts. In addition, students of the Schools have the opportunity to take part in the annual European Schools Science Composium, the winners of which represent the European Schools in the European Union Contest for Young Scientists.The European Schools also cooperate to take advantage of their unique relationship to EU institutions, to provide students on an annual basis with the opportunity to take part in political simulations of EU meetings, held on the premises of the institutions themselves. Students get the opportunity to role-play as delegates of EU member state governments in a Model European Council, MEPs in a Model European Parliament, or international journalists covering the meetings.
The federation of student representatives of the Schools, CoSup, organises a "Europarty", held in a different European city each academic year, and open to any student of the European Schools over 16 years of age to attend.
Notable alumni
- Chris Adami is a German professor of microbiology and molecular genetics, as well as professor of physics and astronomy at Michigan State University.
- Tommaso Allan is a rugby union player for Italy and Perpignan
- Dick Annegarn is a Dutch songwriter who worked most of the time in France. In his youth he lived in Brussels and he celebrated this city in his most famous song, called "Bruxelles".
- Juan Becerra Acosta is a Mexican journalist and TV anchor.
- Henry Brett is a British champion polo player.
- Sophie Collins is an author.
- Ulrich Daldrup is a German politician and academic. He is Professor of Business Administration and International Management at the Aachen University of Applied Sciences and a former Mayor of Aachen.
- Eric Everard is a Belgian manager, who created in 1988 the European Student's Fair. In 1997 he founded Artexis, one of the largest organizers of exhibitions and trade fairs in Europe.
- Giovanni Ferrero is an Italian business manager, chief executive of Ferrero SpA
- Max Gazzè is an Italian songwriter and musician who worked in Belgium, France and in Italy. He has worked with many European artists including Stephan Eicher and Stewart Copeland.
- Karin Giegerich is a German actress, who worked in Italy, Germany, Switzerland and France.
- Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck is a German film director who worked in Germany and in the United States. He is best known for writing and directing the 2007 Oscar-winning film The Lives of Others and The Tourist.
- Boris Johnson is a British politician, leader of the Conservative Party, and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He previously held the offices of Mayor of London, and Foreign Secretary of the UK.
- Jo Johnson is a British politician and former UK Minister for Universities and Science , and Transport.
- Rachel Johnson is a British editor, journalist, television presenter, and author.
- Bas Kast is a German journalist and writer.
- Christian Keysers is a German neuroscientist. In 2004 he received the Marie Curie Excellence Award for outstanding research.
- Thomas Larkin is an ice hockey defender. He played with the Italian national ice hockey team.
- Viktor Lazlo is a French singer, actress and writer. She worked in Belgium and France.
- Mark Leonard is a British political scientist, author, and the co-founder and director of the European Council on Foreign Relations.
- Stella Maxwell is a Victoria's Secret model.
- Elizabeth May is a lawyer and athlete, who is the 2011 ITU Aquathlon World Champion and 2009 European Triathlon Championships silver medalist. She competed in the triathlon event at the 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
- Margherita Missoni is the niece of Ottavio Missoni and the daughter of Angela, founders of the Missoni fashion house. After having worked for some years as a model, including for Estée Lauder Companies, she became the icon of the "Missoni acqua" perfume in 2006, thus becoming an active member of the Missoni family group.
- Brian Molko is a songwriter, guitarist and lead vocalist of the band Placebo.
- Morten Helveg Petersen is a Danish politician for the Danish Social Liberal Party and Member of the European Parliament. He previously served as a member of the Folketing.
- Sarah Teichmann is a scientist at the University of Cambridge, UK.
- Ursula von der Leyen is German politician and President of the European Commission. She was formerly a member of the Bundestag, and member of the German government under Chancellor Merkel, holding the positions of Federal Minister of Defence, Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs and Federal Minister of Senior Citizens, Women and Youth.
- Marina Wheeler QC is a British lawyer, author and columnist.
- Diederik Wissels is a Dutch jazz pianist that studied at the Berklee college of music of Boston. He received many awards such as the Grand Prix de l’Académie Charles Cros, the Prix Adami and the Prix du Musicien Européen de l’Académie du Jazz. He played with great artists like Chet Baker, Joe Henderson and Toots Thielemans.