Alfred Eric Campbell, was a British actor. He was a key member of Charlie Chaplin's film ensemble, invariably playing an intimidating bully, and appeared in eleven of Chaplin's films before he was killed in a car crash at the age of 37. He is the subject of a documentary by filmmaker Kevin Macdonald.
Early life
Campbell was previously believed to have been born in Scotland in Dunoon, traditional Clan Campbell country, but he is now thought to have been born in Cheshire. Most sources give his year of birth as 1879, but online birth records show that the birth of an Alfred Eric Campbell was registered in Altrincham in April–June 1880; no birth with this name was registered in Cheshire in 1879.
Career
Campbell began acting in "fit-ups" in Scotland and Wales, playing melodramatic roles. In this setting he was discovered by Fred Karno, the English impresario who was impressed by Campbell's size and baritone voice and took him to London to act in the slapstick comedy style. Campbell travelled to New York in 1914, following Chaplin and his then understudy Stan Laurel, who had moved there in 1913. Campbell soon became established in America as a stage actor. In 1916 Chaplin, in New York to sign his contract with Mutual, saw Campbell in a play on Broadway. Subsequently, Chaplin invited him to Hollywood to join the cast of actors for the 12 Mutual films Chaplin had contracted to make. Campbell's first film with Chaplin was The Floorwalker. In it he achieved recognition for the "escalator scene", in which he chased Chaplin through a department store. It was in their second film together, The Fireman, that Campbell developed the role which featured in all his work with Chaplin. A tall man towering 6 ft. 5 in. and weighing almost 300 pounds, he became the bully and comic foil to the Little Tramp's antics. His best role is probably in Easy Street, in which, as a brutal bully, he bends a cast-iron street lamp standard to a right angle to intimidate the policeman played by Chaplin. Chaplin was then the highest profile film star in the world with many imitators. Campbell also had imitators, including Oliver Hardy who played second banana to Chaplin's impersonator, Billy West. Campbell's fiercely menacing eye make up he perfected when he performed in Gilbert and Sullivan'sThe Mikado prior to movies. When Chaplin's contract with Mutual ended, he signed another with First National, intending to take Campbell with him. Between films, Chaplin lent Campbell to Mary Pickford, who cast him in Amarilly of Clothes-Line Alley.
Death
On 9 July 1917, his wife died suddenly of a heart attack after dinner at a Santa Monica restaurant near their home. Walking to a nearby store to buy a mourning dress, his 16-year-old daughter Una was hit by a car and seriously injured. Still mourning, at a 12 September party given for Artcraft Studio publicity man Pete Schmid, Campbell met Pearl Gilman, a diminutive vaudeville comedian with a family reputation for gold-digging. She had been married to candy heir Charles W. Alisky in 1912, and a few years later divorced and married another wealthy man, Theodore Arnreiter. Her sister Mabelle was married to elderly steel magnate William Ellis Corey, the owner of U.S. Steel. Just five days after they met, Campbell and Gilman Alisky-Arnreiter were married at the home of Elaine Hardy at 824 5th Street in Santa Monica. His daughter Una, still recuperating at a friend's home in Santa Monica Canyon, was not told of the wedding for several weeks. Less than two months after marrying the gentle giant, Gilman Alisky-Arnreiter sued him for divorce, claiming he abused her with his heavy drinking and profanity. He moved out of their Santa Monica bungalow and into the Los Angeles Athletic Club, taking a room next to his best friend Chaplin. At a cast party, Campbell got drunk and, driving home at 4 am, crashed his car and was killed. Campbell's ashes remained unclaimed for over 30 years until laid to rest at an unknown site at Rosedale Cemetery. Una Campbell, the actor's only child, returned to the UK to live with relatives in Nottingham after her father died. She married a Philip O. Bull in Lewisham in 1930, and died in the Croydon district in 1967.
Legacy
The 1996 documentary, Chaplin's Goliath: In Search of Scotland's Forgotten Star, written and directed by Kevin MacDonald, explored Campbell's life and work. During the making of the film, a plaque commemorating Campbell was placed at Rosedale Cemetery and another was added to the Castle House Museum at Castle Gardens, Dunoon.
