In the Texas Land Survey System, various heads of families were granted leagues of land, and these leagues were named for those recipients. The Boundaries of Voting Precincts Act labelled Ellinger as being composed of "all parts of the W.O. Burnham league and Lucy Kerr league which lay southeast of Sarrazin's Creek" and "all parts of the Jos. Duty, W.T. Dunlavy, and Jus. Ehlinger lying in Fayette County". Elections within these bounds were to be held in the city center of Ellinger. Of this location, 100 acres were privately owned by John H. Meyer and another 100 by Henry Fordtran. Fordtran was a native of Galveston. According to Frank Lotto's Fayette County: her history and her people, Andreas Ondrey suggested the name to the superintendent of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Ellinger was located on a branch of this railroad, which allowed for its early success as a community. Ellinger is located about from the Colorado River and from Lake Fayette. The town is located on a slope. TX-71 forms the southwest border of the town and the river plain ranges from 58.1 meters at the water to 87.0 meters at this border of the town. The northeast border of Ellinger, situated at East Tobias Road, reaches 97.4 meters. Past the border, the river plain continues around two more miles before it begins to rise again. There is a ridge northwest of the town, where elevation jumps to approximately 108 meters and gains altitude in steps as it increases in distance from the river. To the southeast of the town, elevation remains constant around 98 meters save for a small east-west range of hills reaching to 110 meters and stretching several miles east of Ellinger.
Historical Development
The Ellinger website claims that Joseph Ehlinger, a French soldier who served under Napoleon, received a portion of land for his services. He retrieved his family from Europe to bring them to this new home and, shortly after, died of drowning near Houston. His son, Charles Ehlinger, founded the town on this land as Live Oak Hill, a few miles north of where it sits today. Charles was an influential figure in the early town, as a farmer, bank board member, and the first postmaster of the town. Ellinger is currently located along the Southern Pacific Railroad, which missed the original Live Oak Hill by two miles. The town moved to be closer to the railroad, which gave it business and travelers. When the town moved, the silent H was removed and the name was changed to Ellinger. Ladd P. Ehlinger, a descendant of Joseph and Charles Ehlinger, says this is because "it was easier for people to phonetically spell it". The Ellinger official website states that this change happened "when the railroad came through". According to Lotto's book, Ellinger was laid out in 1883. The oldest local businessmen at the time of writing were Messrs. J. and B. Wacker, who owned a general store selling "staple and fancy groceries, hardware and crockery, and especially a fine assortment of pistols, guns, and ammunition". These men were said to have established their store in 1884, one year after the founding of the town. Further business owners included the Hotmann, Meyer, Rosenburg, and Hill families. Lotto also documents the existence of two churches - one Lutheran and one Catholic. The Lutheran church, called St. John, is still in operation. It is operated by Shared Lutheran Ministries of Fayette County, at the corner of Fayette and Grover street. Communion and worship are held every Sunday at 8:00 in the morning, served by a Pastor Marcia Kifer along with churches in Fayetteville, Warrenton, and Rutersville. There is a post office currently functioning on FM 2503 in Ellinger, said by the Texas State Historical Association to have been founded in 1877, but no primary source documents this date, notably the USPS post office finder or Frank Lotto's 1902 book. Production of cotton carried the local economy in the early 1900s, and in previous eras Ellinger was a commercial center for farmers of cotton within the region. In 1900, the town had fourteen businesses and a thriving community, but it began to decline in the early part of the 20th century with the building of the Missouri-Kansas and Texas Railroad, a large railway which passed through nearby Fayetteville and missed Ellinger. The success of the railroad rerouted much business around Ellinger to Fayetteville, though its agricultural business, which shifted to ranching, grains, and pecans by midcentury, kept it afloat. In 1902, there was a general store, a lumber business, stocking such items as "a nail to a stump-pulling machine" , a drugstore, a cotton gin, a mechanic, and a barroom, a common meeting-place for farmers in the area. There was also a saloon on the original Live Oak Hill property, owned and run by Mr. Aug. Girndt and often used for dancing. As of 1990, about 200 people resided in the town. There were only two rated businesses within city limits. Gerald E. McLeod of the Austin Chronicle said in 2011 that Ellinger was a "speed trap" with three businesses. Today, it supports Dewey's Repair Shop, Kubena Garage, Peter's BBQ, a Subway franchise, Shell and Chevron gas stations, and Hruska's Store and Bakery.
