Electronic Literature Organization
The Electronic Literature Organization is a nonprofit organization "established in 1999 to promote and facilitate the writing, publishing, and reading of electronic literature".
History
Founded by Scott Rettberg, Robert Coover, and Jeff Ballowe, the Electronic Literature Organization was established in Chicago in 1999 with Ballowe as its first President and Rettberg serving as Executive Director. During this period the ELO made the decision to embrace, along with hypertext narrative and fiction, emerging forms of electronic-based literary works, including interactive narrative, net poetry, and others. Supported early on through sponsorships from dot.com businesses, it changed direction following the dot.com crash and 9/11 and moved to UCLA under the guidance of noted media theorist N. Katherine Hayles, where it was supported by UCLA's English, SINAPSE, and Design|Media Arts departments. Its first conference, "State of the Arts", was held at UCLA in 2002. Marjorie Coverley Luesebrink, the electronic literature artist writing under the name M. D. Coverley, took over as the Organization's second president at this time. Also during this period the ELO's publications about preservation, archiving and dissemination, Acid-Free Bits and Born-Again Bits occurred; work on the Electronic Literature Collection, Volume 1, an anthology of electronic literary works, was also begun.In 2006, upon the departure of Hayles from UCLA to Duke University, the ELO moved to the University of Maryland, College Park where it was supported by the Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities under the direction of Digital Humanities scholar Matthew Kirschenbaum, with literary scholar Joseph Tabbi serving as President. Under Tabbi's leadership, the Organization developed the Consortium on Electronic Literature, "an open access, non-commercial resource offering centralized access to literary databases, archives, and institutional programs in the literary arts and scholarship, with a focus on electronic literature." The project received funding from a National Endowment for the Humanities Start Up Grant. The growth of the Organization due to its academic affiliations created the need to bring electronic literature scholars and artists together more frequently. This awareness led to the ELO's symposium, "The Future of Electronic Literature", that took place at the University of Maryland, College Park on May 3, 2007 and its first open conference and festival, "Visionary Landscapes", at Washington State University Vancouver, chaired by Dene Grigar and John Barber in June 2008.
In 2010 the ELO moved to MIT under the leadership of then-President Nick Montfort and later Grigar. This period is marked by the publication of the Electronic Literature Collection, Volumes 2 and 3, as well as the Pathfinders Project, produced by Grigar and Stuart Moulthrop. Also during this period, the ELO expanded its board of directors to include international scholars and artists and began hosting conferences and festivals outside the United States. Following the 2010 conference and festival at Brown University, chaired by John Cayley, and the 2012 conference and festival at West Virginia University, chaired by Sandy Baldwin, the ELO held conferences and festivals in Paris, France ; Milwaukee, WI ; Bergen, Norway ; and Victoria, B.C.. It also held exhibits, readings, and performances at venues and events like the Library of Congress, the Kitchen, Modern Language Association, Association of Writers and Writing Programs, the Society of Literature, Science and the Arts, and the International Symposium on Electronic Art. The book series, Electronic Literature, edited by Helen Burgess, Dene Grigar, Maria Mencia, and Rui Torres and published by Bloomsbury Academic Press, was developed while the ELO was located at MIT. Partnerships with the Digital Humanities Summer Institute and the New Media Consortium also occurred during this period. On July 1, 2017 the Organization moved to Washington State University Vancouver.
During its history, the Organization has been supported by grants from the Ford Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.
Annual ELO Conference & Media Arts Festival
The ELO hosts an annual gathering for scholars and artists called the Electronic Literature Organization Conference & Media Arts Festival. It is considered one of the major international conferences for new media scholars, artists and practitioners. The conference is typically referred to in the shorthand ELO2018, ELO2019 etc. The ELO conference has been running since 2008, where it was first held in Vancouver, Washington. The conference is typically held in the summer months.| Date | Location | Conference Chair | Keynote Speaker | Conference Theme | Notes |
| 2020 | University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States | Anastasia Salter Mel Stanfill | Shira Chess | "continuity" | |
| 2019 | University College Cork, Ireland | James O'Sullivan | Michael J. Maguire Anne Karhio Astrid Ensslin | "Peripheries" | ELO2019 was the first time the conference was held in Ireland |
| 2018 | Montréal, Québec, Canada | Bertrand Gervais Caitlin Fisher | Skawennati & Jason Edward Lewis Rui Torres Claudia Kozak Serge Bouchardon | "Mind the Gap!" | |
| 2017 | University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal | Rui Torres | Friedrich W. Block Eugenio Tisselli Rita Raley Matthew Kirschenbaum | "Electronic Literature: Affiliations, Communities, Translations" | |
| 2016 | University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada | Dene Grigar Ray Siemens | Christine Wilks | "Next Horizons" | ELO2016 was the first time the conference was held in Canada ELO2016 was hosted alongside the 2016 Digital Humanities Summer Institute |
| 2015 | University of Bergen, Norway | Scott Rettberg | Espen Aarseth Stuart Moulthrop | "The Ends of Electronic Literature" | ELO2015 was the first time the conference was held in Norway |
| 2014 | University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States | Stuart Moulthrop | "Hold the Light" | ||
| 2013 | Bibliothèque nationale de France / École nationale supérieure des Arts Décoratifs, Paris, France | Philippe Bootz | "Chercher le Texte: Locating the Text in Electronic Literature" | ELO2013 was the first time the conference was held in Europe and outside of the United States | |
| 2012 | Morgantown, West Virginia, United States | Sandy Baldwin | Florian Cramer | "Electrifying Literature: Affordances & Constraints" | |
| 2010 | Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States | John Cayley | "Archive" & "Innovate" | ELO2010 was "dedicated to Robert Coover" | |
| 2008 | Vancouver, Washington, United States | Dene Grigar John Barber | Mark Amerika | "Visionary Landscapes" |
Other activities
The activities of the Electronic Literature Organization include:- A book series published by Bloomsbury Academic Press, entitled "Electronic Literature".
- The Electronic Literature Directory, a listing of electronic works and their authors.
- The Electronic Literature Collection, an edited anthology of electronic literature. The was released under a Creative Commons license in 2006.
- Preservation, Archiving, and Dissemination project to archive notable and threatened works.
- The Electronic Literature Awards for creative and scholarly activities.
- Readings, symposia and other outreach events such as the MACHINE series to publicise electronic literature.
- Management of the Turbulence.org archives.