Edward Pritchard Gee
Edward Pritchard Gee was a Cambridge educated, Anglo-Indian tea-planter and an amateur naturalist in Assam, India. He is credited with the 1953 discovery of Gee's golden langur. He is notable as an early influential wildlife conservationist, especially for his 1959 and 1963 surveys and recommendations resulting in the creation of Chitwan National Park, the first of nine national parks in Nepal.
Conservationist
Gee was the fourth son of Rev. C. G. Gee, Vicar of Lowick and his wife, daughter of a Colonel Briggs of Hylton Castle. As a tea planter, Gee was part of a highly influential group of British landowners very close to the highest levels of provincial power.Soon after India's Independence, Gee was one of the first to assess the threats to endangered species and outline conservation measures to protect them. He believed cattle had no place in a sanctuary and thought they would arouse a sense of surprise, disappointment, and revulsion in tourists who had come looking for wild animals.
named for E.P. Gee
Like his contemporaries, Salim Ali and M. Krishnan, Gee was a non-official member of the Indian Board for Wildlife, the apex body that advises the Union Government on wildlife matters. Gee argued in favour of separate wildlife wardens within the Forest Department, who have specific powers in relation to fauna. He wrote extensively on the role of foresters as protectors of wildlife, as he thought it important to rely on their goodwill. He believed conservation success depended on cooperation between foresters and the forest ministers of each state and that the role of the central government was only to advise and assist.
He is famous for his discovery of the langur species which is named after him, Gee's golden langur. He had heard reports of an unusual coloured primate and he organised an expedition in 1953. He managed to film the langurs near the Sankosh River on the border between Assam and Bhutan.
He recommended that the Govindgarh Palace of the Maharaja of Rewa, and its white tiger inhabitants, be made a "National Trust", which didn't happen.
In 1959, the Fauna Preservation Society appointed E.P. Gee to undertake a survey of the Chitwan Valley. Gee, who had spent most of his life in India and was an authority on its wildlife, recommended creation of a national park north of the Rapti River. He also proposed creation of a wildlife sanctuary south of the river for a trial period of ten years. In 1963, after he surveyed Chitwan again, this time for both the Fauna Preservation Society and the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gee recommended extension of the national park to rhinoceros areas to the south of the river. In December 1970, His Majesty King Mahendra approved extension of the national park as recommended, thus creating the first national park in Nepal.
After retirement from tea planting in Assam, Gee settled in Shillong, where he assembled one of the finest private orchid collections.
After Independence, sensitive to the nationalism of the new Indian leadership, Gee searched for and emphasized indigenous nature conservation practices, ranging from ancient imperial edicts to village traditions of protecting nesting bird colonies. This cooperative and culturally sensitive style won recognition from Jawaharlal Nehru whom Gee accompanied together with Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi and son-in-law Feroze Gandhi on a tour of Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary on 20 October 1956. Nehru's forward to Gee's book in February 1964 was one of the only pieces he ever wrote on wildlife conservation. In it he said,
Nehru called for more refuges for vanishing wildlife, but he died in May and Gee died four years later. It was the end of an era.
Publications
- E.P. Gee was an active contributor to the early wildlife protection policy of India. He wrote his own account of his wildlife work in the book Wildlife of India in 1964. This work makes a good comparison with present-day wildlife conservation efforts in India.
- "The White Tiger" in Animal, 1964, vol. 3, pages. 282–286.
- "The breeding of the Grey or Spottedbilled Pelican Pelecanus philippensis ". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, Vol.57, 1960, issue 2, pages 245–251.
- "Albinism And Partial Albinism In Tiger", Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 1959, Vol. 56, pages. 581–587.
- "History of the Rhino Area in Nepal" in the journal Cheetal, Vol 4, 1961, pp. 16–28
- "Note on the Indo-Burmese Pied Hornbill", Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, Vol. 36 pp. 505–506
- "Fishing and Fish Tackle", IF, Vol. 82, 1954, pp. 423–426
- "The Management of India's Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Parks, Part II", Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, Vol. 52, 1954, pp. 717–731
- A leopard cat in captivity 59, PLATES – 1
- A new species of langur in Assam 53
- A note on the conference on conservation of nature and natural resources in tropical South-East Asia held at Bangkok, Thailand. 29 November – 4 December 1965 63, PLATES – 1
- A note on the occurrence of the Malayan sun bear Helarctos malayanus within Indian limits 64, PLATES – 1
- A possible cause of blank days when Mahseer fishing 48
- Bharatpur 'wild' cattle 55, PLATES – 1
- Black leopard cubs 48
- Effect of atmospheric pressure while fishing 49
- Effect of atmospheric pressure while fishing 49
- Extermination of snakes upsets balance of nature 51
- Further observations on the great Indian one-horned rhinoceros 51, PLATES – 1 2
- Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros cow with twin calves 53
- Lion v. tiger 54
- Mystery predator 51
- Note on the development of the casque of the Indo-Burmese pied hornbill 36, PLATES – 1
- Occurrence of the brown bear, Ursus arctos, in Bhutan 64
- Occurrence of the nayan or great Tibetan sheep, Ovis ammon hodgsoni in Bhutan 64
- Occurrence of the snow leopard, Panthera uncia, in Bhutan 64
- On the leopard cat. 47
- Possible occurrence of the snub-nosed monkey in Assam 51
- Predator and prey at salt-licks 54
- Report on the status of the brow-antlered deer, Cervus eldi of Manipur – October–November 1959 and March 1960 57, PLATES – 1 2 3 4
- Report on the status of the Kashmir stag- October 1965 62, PLATES – 1 2 3 4 5
- Some notes on the golden cat, Felis temmincki Vigors & Horsfield 58
- Strange behaviour of a tigress 39
- The Assam earthquake of 1950 50, PLATES – 1 2 3
- The brow-antlered deer 52, PLATES – 1
- The Distribution and Feeding Habits of the Golden Langur, Presbytis geei, Gee 58, PLATES – 1 2 3
- The function of zoological gardens in the preservation of wild life 53, PLATES – 1 2 3 4
- The great Indian rhinoceros in Nepal-Report of a fact-finding survey, April–May 1959 56, PLATES – 1 2 3 4 5 6
- The Indian elephant, - Early growth gradient and intervals between calfing 53, PLATES – 1 2 3 4
- The Indian Wild Ass- A survey-February 1962 60, PLATES – 1
- The life history of the great Indian one-horned rhinoceros 51, PLATES – 1
- The management of India's wild life sanctuaries and national parks 51, PLATES – 1 2 3 4
- The management of India's wild life sanctuaries and national parks. Part II 52, PLATES – 1 2 3 4 5 6
- The management of India's wild life sanctuaries and national parks. Part III 54, PLATES – 1 2 3 4 5 6
- The management of India's wild life sanctuaries and national parks. Part IV 59, PLATES – 1 2
- The management of India's wild life sanctuaries and national parks. Part V 64
- The present status of the whitewinged wood duck, Cairina scutulata 55, PLATES – 1
- The shou or 'Sikkim stag' 55, PLATES – 1
- The size of the jungle cat 39
- The wildfowl trust at Slimbridge in Britain 58, PLATES – 1 2
- What is the best means of control and destruction of flying foxes 50
- What is the best means of control and destruction of flying foxes ? 51
- Wild buffaloes and tame 51
- Wild elephants dying in Assam 49
- Wild elephants dying in Assam 49
- Wild life Preservation in India. 52
- Wild life reserves in India- Assam 49, PLATES – 1 2 3