Earth System Governance Project
The Earth System Governance Project is a long-term, interdisciplinary social science research programme originally developed under the auspices of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change. It started in January 2009.
The Earth System Governance Project currently consists of a network of ca. 300 active and about 2,300 indirectly involved scholars from all continents. The global research alliance has evolved into the largest social science research network in the area of governance and global environmental change. Since 2015 it is part of the overarching international research platform Future Earth. The International Project Office is hosted at Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Aims
The Earth System Governance Project aims to contribute to science on the large, complex challenges of governance in an era of rapid and large-scale environmental change. The project seeks to create a better understanding of the role of institutions, organizations and governance mechanisms by which humans regulate their relationship with the natural environment. The Earth System Governance Project aims to integrate governance research at all levels. The project aims to examine problems of the ‘global commons’, but also local problems from air pollution to the preservation of waters, waste treatment or desertification and soil degradation. However, due to natural interdependencies local environmental pollution can be transformed into changes of the global system that affect other localities. Therefore, the Earth System Governance Project looks at institutions and governance processes both local and globally.The Earth System Governance Project is a scientific effort, but also aims to assist policy responses to the pressing problems of earth system transformation.
Conceptual framework
The concept of Earth System Governance is defined as:... the interrelated and increasingly integrated system of formal and informal rules, rule-making systems, and actor-networks at all levels of human society that are set up to steer societies towards preventing, mitigating, and adapting to global and local environmental change and, in particular, earth system transformation, within the normative context of sustainable development.
The Earth System Governance Project organizes its research according to a conceptual framework guided by five sets of research lenses according to their 2018 Science and Implementation Plan:
- Architecture and agency
- Democracy and power
- Justice and allocation
- Anticipation and imagination
- Adaptiveness and reflexivity
- Transformations
- Inequality
- Anthropocene
- Diversity
Origin and history
In March 2007, in response to the 2001 Amsterdam Declaration, the Scientific Committee of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, the overarching social science programme in the field, mandated the drafting of the Science Plan of the Earth System Governance Project by a newly appointed Scientific Planning Committee. The Earth System Governance Project builds on the results of an earlier long-term research programme, the IHDP core project Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. In 2008, the Earth System Governance Project was officially launched.
In 2009, the Science and Implementation Plan of the Earth System Governance Project was published. In the science and implementation plan, the conceptual problems, cross-cutting themes, flagship projects, and its policy relevance are outlined in detail. The Science Plan was written by an international, interdisciplinary Scientific Planning Committee chaired by Prof. Frank Biermann, which drew on a consultative process that started in 2004. Several working drafts of this Science Plan have been presented and discussed at a series of international events and conferences, and numerous scholars in the field, as well as practitioners, have offered suggestions, advice, and critique.
Since then, the project has evolved into a broader research alliance that builds on an international network of research centers, lead faculty and research fellows. After the termination of the IHDP in 2014, the activities of the Earth System Governance research alliance are supported by an international steering group of representatives of the main Earth System Governance Research Centres and the global group of lead faculty and research fellows.
Since 2014 first discussions were held at the Conferences around new directions and a new Science and Implementation Plan. In 2016 lead authors were selected and invited. After reviewing by the Earth System Governance community, the final plan was launched at the 2018 Utrecht Conference.
In 2015 the Earth system governance Project is part of the overarching international research platform Future Earth.
Global research network
For its activities and implementation, the Earth System Governance Project relies on a global network of experts from different academic and cultural backgrounds. The research network consists of different groups of scientific experts. The Earth System Governance Project operates under the direction of a Scientific Steering Committee. The role of the Scientific Steering Committee is to guide the implementation of the Earth System Governance Science Plan.An important element in the project organisation is the global alliance of research centres that brings together the University of Ghana; the University of Brasília; Utrecht University; the German Development Institute; the CETIP Network; VU University Amsterdam; the University of Amsterdam; the Australian National University; Chiang Mai University; Colorado State University; Lund University; the University of East Anglia; the University of Oldenburg; the Stockholm Resilience Centre; the University of Toronto; the Tokyo Institute of Technology and Yale University. In addition, strong networks on earth system governance research exist in China, Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, and Russia.
Conferences
Since 2007, the Project has organized major scientific conferences addressing the topics of governance and global environmental change, including:- 2007 Amsterdam Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. 'Earth System Governance: Theories and Strategies for Sustainability'
- 2008 Berlin Conference on the Human Dimension of Global Environmental Change. 'Long-Term Policies: Governing Social-Ecological Change'
- 2009 Amsterdam Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. 'Earth System Governance: People, Places, and the Planet'
- 2010 Berlin Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. 'Social dimensions of environmental change and governance'
- 2011 Colorado Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Crossing Boundaries and Building Bridges'
- 2012 Lund Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Towards Just and Legitimate Earth System Governance'
- 2013 Tokyo Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Complex Architectures, Multiple Agents'
- 2014 Norwich Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Allocation and Access in the Anthropocene'
- 2015 Canberra Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Democracy and Resilience in the Anthropocene'
- 2016 Nairobi Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Confronting Complexity and Inequality'
- 2017 Lund Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Allocation & Access in a Warming and Increasingly Unequal World'
- 2018 Utrecht Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Governing Global Sustainability in a Complex World'
- 2019 Mexico Conference on Earth System Governance. 'Urgent Transformations and Earth System Governance: Towards Sustainability and Justice'
- The 2020 Conference on Earth System Governance will take place in Bratislava, the Slovak Republic. 'Earth System Governance in turbulent times: prospects for political and behavioral responses'
Publications
The Journal Earth System Governance was launched in 2019.
- Volume 1
- Volume 2
- Global Environmental Governance and the Accountability Trap
- Governing through Goals - Sustainable Development Goals as Governance Innovation
- Governing Complex Systems- Social Capital for the Anthropocene
- Dirty Gold - How Activism Transformed the Jewelry Industry
- New Earth Politics - Essays from the Anthropocene
- Power in a Warming World - The New Global Politics of Climate Change and the Remaking of Environmental Inequality
- European Climate Leadership in Question - Policies toward China and India
- Consensus and Global Environmental Governance - Deliberative Democracy in Nature's Regime
- Earth System Governance - World Politics in the Anthropocene
- Post-Treaty Politics- Secretariat Influence in Global Environmental Governance
- Transparency in Global Environmental Governance - Critical Perspectives
- Disaggregating International Regimes - A New Approach to Evaluation and Comparison
- Global Environmental Governance Reconsidered
- Institutional Dynamics - Emergent Patterns in International Environmental Governance
- Architectures of Earth System Governance - Institutional Complexity and Structural Transformation
- Agency in Earth System Governance
- Sustainability Transformations - Agents and Drivers across Societies
- Urban Climate Politics - Agency and Empowerment
- Anthropocene Encounters: New Directions in Green Political Thinking
- Deliberative Global Governance
Research
- Taskforce on Planetary Justice Research of Earth System Governance.
- Taskforce on New Technologies of Earth System Governance.
- Task Force on Ocean Governance of Earth System Governance.
- Task Force on Conceptual Foundations of Earth System Governance.
- Task Force on Earth System Law of Earth System Governance.
- Task Force on Methodology for Earth System Governance Research.
- Task Force on Accountability in Global Environmental Governance.
Projects are the ReSET Programme 'Governance of Global Environmental Change', Governance ‘of’ and ‘for’ the Sustainable Development Goals, Future Earth FTI 'Bright Spots: Seeds of a Good Anthropocene', Future Earth Cluster 'Extreme Events and Environments from Climate to Society', Europe’s approach to implementing the Sustainable Development Goals: good practices and the way forward, Climate-Smart Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the BBNJ Initiative.
Policy influence
In 2011, the Earth System Governance Project launched an initiative on International Environmental Governance. This initiative aims to provide a forum for discussion of current and ongoing research on international environmental governance and the institutional framework for sustainable development, in the period leading up to the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro, also known as ‘Rio + 20’. In addition, the initiative aims to target decision-makers and to contribute not just to a better understanding but also to actual improvements in international environmental governance towards an institutional framework that enables sustainable development.In 2012, 33 leading scholars from the Project wrote a blueprint for reform of strengthening earth system governance, which was published in Science.
In 2014, the Project’s chair Frank Biermann was invited to speak in the United Nations General Assembly.
Context
There is widespread support for the Earth System Governance Project in the scientific community, which is reflected in the size of the research network and in various publications by experts. However, criticisms of the Earth System Governance Project have also been made.In an internal report of the International Human Dimensions Programme it is stated that the steering group of the Earth System Governance Project is too much dominated by experts from OECD countries. Since then, the Earth System Governance Project has actively sought ways to involve experts from different regions of the world.
The idea of earth system governance has also been criticized for being too top-down, for placing too much emphasis on global governance structures. According to Mike Hulme, earth system governance represents an attempt to ‘geopolitically engineer’ our way out of the climate crisis. He questions whether the climate is governable and argues that it is way too optimistic and even hubristic to attempt to control the global climate by universal governance regimes. This interpretation of the novel concept, however, has been rejected by other scholars as being too narrow and misleading.
Related projects
- Earth System Science Partnership
- International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme
- International Human Dimensions Programme
- World Climate Research Programme
- DIVERSITAS, an international programme for biodiversity research
- Global Carbon Project
- Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone
- Global Land Project
- Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project
- Global Water System Project