Dupnitsa dialect

Phonological and morphological characteristics

• щ/жд for Proto-Slavic / - леща, между. The future tense particle, however, is че: че че'темe vs. Standard Bulgarian ще четем
• Vowel a for Old Bulgarian ѫ : маж vs. formal Bulgarian мъж. Limited number of u reflexes of yus : мука vs. Standard Bulgarian мъка
• Vowel o for Old Bulgarian ъ in suffixes and prefixes and some roots and a in other roots: сос него vs. Standard Bulgarian със него, бочва vs. Standard Bulgarian бъчва but вашка vs. Standard Bulgarian въшка
• Vocalic r for Old Bulgarian ръ/рь instead of the combination ръ/ър in Standard Bulgarian - дрво instead of дърво.
• The reflex of Old Bulgarian лъ/ль is:
• Preserved consonant х in all positions, except the beginning of the word: чух, оди
• Verb ending -м in verbs of the first and second conjugation: чет'ем vs. formal Bulgarian чет'ъ
• Adverbial participal on -ейки/айки : играейки
• Dynamic stress