Doubt (2008 film)


Doubt is a 2008 American period drama film written and directed by John Patrick Shanley based on his Pulitzer Prize-winning and Tony Award-winning 2004 stage play . Produced by Scott Rudin, the film takes place in a Roman Catholic elementary school named for St. Nicholas led by Sister Aloysius. Sister James tells Aloysius that Father Flynn might have too much personal attention with the school's only black student Donald Miller, thus leading to Aloysius starting a crusade against Flynn. The film also features Viola Davis as Donald Miller's mother, Mrs. Miller.
The film premiered October 30, 2008 at the AFI Fest before being distributed by Miramax Films in limited release on December 12 and in wide release on December 25. Grossing $50.9 million against a budget of $20 million, the film received largely positive reviews from critics. Streep, Hoffman, Adams, and Davis were heavily praised for their performances, and all were nominated for Academy Awards at the 81st Academy Awards; Shanley was also nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay.

Plot

In 1964 at a Catholic church in The Bronx, New York, Father Brendan Flynn gives a sermon on the nature of doubt, noting that it, like faith, can be a unifying force. Sister Aloysius, the strict principal of the church's parish school, becomes concerned when she sees a boy pull away from Flynn in the school courtyard. She instructs her Sisters to be alert to suspicious activity in the school.
Sister James, a young and naive teacher, receives a request for Donald Miller, an altar boy and the school's only African-American student, to meet Flynn in the rectory. Donald returns to class visibly upset, and James notices the smell of alcohol on his breath. Later, she sees Flynn placing an undershirt in Donald's locker. She reports her suspicions to Aloysius.
Aloysius and James confront Flynn. Flynn denies wrongdoing, claiming Donald had been caught drinking communion wine and that he called him to dismiss him as an altar boy. James is relieved by Flynn's explanation, but Aloysius is not convinced. Flynn delivers his next sermon on bearing false witness and gossip. James later asks Flynn about the shirt he put in Donald's locker, an observation she kept from Aloysius. Flynn explains that Donald had left the shirt in the sacristy, and that he put it in his locker to spare him additional embarrassment.
Aloysius meets with Donald's mother regarding her suspicions and is shocked by her seeming disinterest in Flynn's alleged abuse, so long as her son can finish the term. Mrs. Miller admits that she would not intervene against the abuse, if it existed, in order to keep Donald in a school that will better his socioeconomic situation and shield him from bullies. She tearfully asserts that Flynn is the only man who has ever shown her son kindness. Mrs. Miller intimates that she knows Donald is gay, and she fears that his physically abusive homophobic father would kill him if he knew anything happened with Flynn.
Aloysius confronts Flynn and demands his resignation. He furiously denies all her suspicions and asks if she has never committed a mortal sin. She claims to have contacted a nun from one of his previous parishes who corroborated her suspicions, and threatens to visit his previous appointments and contact parents. Flynn agrees to request a transfer and delivers a final sermon before departing.
Some time later, Aloysius tells James that Flynn has been appointed to a more prestigious position at a larger church. She admits to having lied about contacting a nun at Flynn's former church to coerce him into resigning, but believes his resignation is proof of his guilt. She then breaks down in tears, saying to James, "I have doubts...I have such doubts."

Cast

The other sisters in the film include, Alice Drummond as Sister Veronica, Audrie J. Neenan as Sister Raymond, and Helen Stenborg as Sister Teresa. The child actors who played the students of the school include Mike Roukis as William London, Frank Shanley as Kevin, Frank Dolce as Ralph, Paulie Litt as Tommy Conroy, Matthew Marvin as Raymond, Bridget Clark as Noreen Horan, Molly Chiffer and Sarah, and Lydia Jordan as Alice. The actors who played the other staff of the school include, Susan Blommaert as Mrs. Carson, Carrie Preston as Christine Hurley, John Costelloe as Warren Hurley, Margery Beddow as Mrs. Shields, Marylouise Burke as Mrs. Deakins, and Jack O'Connell as Mr. McGuinn.

Production

Production began on December 1, 2007. The film, which concentrates on a Bronx Catholic school, was filmed in various areas of the Bronx, including Parkchester, St. Anthony's Catholic School, and the College of Mount Saint Vincent, as well as Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn.
The "garden" exterior scenes were shot at the historic Episcopal Church St. Luke in the Fields on Hudson Street in New York's Greenwich Village. The associated St. Luke's School was also heavily featured.
The film is dedicated to Sister Margaret McEntee, a Sister of Charity who was Shanley's first-grade teacher and who served as a technical adviser for the movie, after whom Shanley modeled the character of Sister James.

Reception

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an 80% approval rating based on 216 reviews, with an average rating of 6.98/10. The site's consensus reads, "Doubt succeeds on the strength of its top-notch cast, who successfully guide the film through the occasional narrative lull." Another review aggregator, Metacritic, gave the film a 68/100 approval rating based on 36 reviews. Critic Manohla Dargis of The New York Times concluded that "the air is thick with paranoia in Doubt, but nowhere as thick, juicy, sustained or sustaining as Meryl Streep's performance." Meryl Streep's performance as the stern, intimidating and bold principal Sister Aloysius Beauvier was praised, as were Philip Seymour Hoffman and Amy Adams's performances.
Viola Davis's performance as Mrs. Miller was praised by critics; Salon magazine declared that the character was acted with "a near-miraculous level of believability ... Davis, in her small, one-scene role, is incredibly moving—I can barely remember a Davis performance where I haven't been moved ... plays her character, an anxious, hardworking woman who's just trying to hold her life and family together, by holding everything close. She's not a fountain of emotion, dispensing broad expression or movement; instead, she keeps it all inside and lets us in".
National Public Radio called Davis's acting in the movie "the film's most wrenching performance ... the other argue strenuously and occasionally even eloquently, to ever-diminishing effect; Davis speaks plainly and quietly, and leaves doubt that the moral high ground is a treacherous place to occupy in the real world".
Roger Ebert, who thought Davis's performance worthy of an Academy Award, gave the film four stars, his highest rating, and praised its "exact and merciless writing, powerful performances and timeless relevance. It causes us to start thinking with the first shot", he continued, "and we never stop". Ebert goes on to say, "The conflict between Aloysius and Flynn is the conflict between old and new, between status and change, between infallibility and uncertainty. And Shanley leaves us doubting."
The film and the cast earned numerous awards and nominations including five Academy Award nominations: for Best Actress for Streep, Best Supporting Actor for Hoffman, Best Supporting Actress for both Adams and Davis, and Best Adapted Screenplay for Shanley.
The scholar Daniel Cutrara, in his book on sex and religion in cinema, commented that the film works as a metaphor for worldwide uncertainty over priests accused of pedophilia—specifically through Father Flynn's resignation as an indication of guilt and then Sister Aloysius's subsequent doubt.

Awards

Doubt received five Academy Awards nominations on January 22, 2009, for its four lead actors and for Shanley's script. It was the fourth film to date—following My Man Godfrey, I Remember Mama, and Othello —to receive four acting nominations without being nominated for Best Picture.
AwardCategoryRecipientOutcome
Academy AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Academy AwardsBest Supporting ActorPhilip Seymour Hoffman
Academy AwardsBest Supporting ActressAmy Adams
Academy AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Academy AwardsBest Adapted ScreenplayJohn Patrick Shanley
BAFTA AwardsBest Leading ActressMeryl Streep
BAFTA AwardsBest Supporting ActorPhilip Seymour Hoffman
BAFTA AwardsBest Supporting ActressAmy Adams
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActorPhilip Seymour Hoffman
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActressAmy Adams
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest Adapted ScreenplayJohn Patrick Shanley
Critics' Choice AwardsBest PictureDoubt
Critics' Choice AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Critics' Choice AwardsBest Supporting ActorPhilip Seymour Hoffman
Critics' Choice AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Critics' Choice AwardsBest Acting EnsembleAmy Adams, Viola Davis, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep
Critics' Choice AwardsBest WriterJohn Patrick Shanley
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Detroit Film Critics Society AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Detroit Film Critics Society AwardsBest Supporting ActressAmy Adams
Golden Globe AwardsBest Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – DramaMeryl Streep
Golden Globe AwardsBest Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion PicturePhilip Seymour Hoffman
Golden Globe AwardsBest Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion PictureAmy Adams
Golden Globe AwardsBest Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion PictureViola Davis
Golden Globe AwardsBest Screenplay – Motion PictureJohn Patrick Shanley
Houston Film Critics Society AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Houston Film Critics Society AwardsBest CastAmy Adams, Viola Davis, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep
National Board of Review AwardsBreakthrough Performance by an ActressViola Davis
National Board of Review AwardsBest CastAmy Adams, Viola Davis, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep
Palm Springs International Film FestivalSpotlight AwardAmy Adams
Phoenix Film Critics Society AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Satellite AwardsBest Actress in a Motion Picture – DramaMeryl Streep
Satellite AwardsBest Actor in a Supporting RolePhilip Seymour Hoffman
Satellite AwardsBest Screenplay – AdaptedJohn Patrick Shanley
Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading RoleMeryl Streep
Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting RolePhilip Seymour Hoffman
Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting RoleAmy Adams
Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting RoleViola Davis
Screen Actors Guild AwardsOutstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion PictureAmy Adams, Viola Davis, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActressAmy Adams
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association AwardsBest Supporting ActressViola Davis
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association AwardsBest ActressMeryl Streep
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association AwardsBest CastAmy Adams, Viola Davis, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep