Dongxing, Guangxi


Dongxing is a county-level city within Fangchenggang, Guangxi, People's Republic of China, on the border with Móng Cái, in Vietnam. The city spans an area of 549 square kilometers, and has a population of approximately 130,000 as of 2011.

History

During the Qing Dynasty, the area was administered as Fangcheng County. Dongxing was briefly established as a city in 1950, but was merged back into Fangcheng County by 1952. On December 25, 1978, Fangcheng County was re-designated as Fangcheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County.
On May 23, 1993, Fangcheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County was abolished, as the prefecture-level city of Fangchenggang was created. With this, the county-level division of Dongxing Economic Development Zone was established.
On April 29, 1996, the Dongxing Economic Development Zone was abolished, and the county-level city of Dongxing was established. Dongxing was granted authority over the towns of,, and.

Refugees from Vietnam

In the summer of 1978, the Friendship Bridge that connected Dongxing and Mong Cai in Vietnam became a makeshift refugee camp for thousands of ethnic Chinese fleeing Vietnam. Ethnic Chinese had lived in Northern Vietnam for decades under Communist rule, but after the North and South unified in April 1975, the Communist government saw the Chinese in the South, many of whom were successful capitalists and receiving political support financed by Beijing following the Vietnam War, as a threat to their socialist system and began persecuting the Chinese, forcing many to flee by boat. They became part of the known Boat People. This caused an exodus of over 250,000 Chinese from Vietnam to China, mainly to Dongxing.

Geography

Dongxing is located in the very south of Guangxi, on the northwest shores of the Gulf of Tonkin. The Beilun River marks the southwest border of Dongxing, with Vietnam on the other side of the river. The terrain is largely hilly.

Climate

Dongxing has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate, with mild to warm winters and long, hot summers, and very humid conditions year-round. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to in July, while extremes have ranged from. Rain is both the heaviest and most frequent from June to September, when 70% of the annual rainfall also occurs. This is in contrast to the autumn and winter months, where only of rain falls per month.

Administrative divisions

Dongxing administers 3 towns:,, and.

Economy

The city is home to various natural resources, including titanium, manganese, quartz, granite, and various crystals.
Major tourist attractions in the city include its beaches, mangrove forests, the Beilun River, and ethnic Vietnamese settlements on the islands of Wutou, Wanwei, and Shanxin.