Denk (political party)


Denk is a political party in the Netherlands that calls itself a "movement".
It was founded by Tunahan Kuzu and Selçuk Öztürk, two Turkish-Dutch members of the House of Representatives, after leaving the Labour Party on 13 November 2014.
In the 2017 parliamentary election, Denk secured three seats, ensuring that Kuzu and Öztürk would remain in parliament together with new arrival Farid Azarkan, who is the current party leader. The party is considered to represent the rights of the Turkish population in the Netherlands, to the point it is often called the long arm of Erdoğan in the Dutch media for its perceived support of the party line of the Turkish government and the ruling AK Parti.

History

Denk was founded by Tunahan Kuzu and Selçuk Öztürk after leaving the Labour Party on 13 November 2014. Their resignations were prompted by proposals by Deputy Prime Minister and party leader Lodewijk Asscher that a number of Turkish Islamist organisations be monitored for interfering with the integration of Dutch citizens of Muslim origin. This came after an internal party debate sparked by a report incorrectly stating that 90% of young Dutch-Turkish supported ISIS. On 9 February 2015, they gave their parliamentary group the name Denk and published a political manifesto for the establishment of a movement for migrants and a "tolerant and solidary society" which, among other things, calls for a "racism registry".

Manifesto

The movement drew up a political manifesto in February 2015, from which the political party Denk emerged in November 2016.
The Denk programme argues for the following five points:
The movement wants to establish a monument in memory of labour, and they want knowledge of migration history as a key target in education. They propose that the term "integration" should be replaced by the word "acceptance". The movement would abolish the term "immigrant". It notes that people with a non-western background are less likely to find a job or internship and often have negative experiences with law enforcement. The manifesto states that racism in the Netherlands is structural and institutional in nature and therefore wants a so-called "racism registry" to be set up, in which manifestations of racism are registered.
The movement proposes that in education, diversity in the classroom is commensurate with the diversity of the class. The movement has a policy that in every school in the Netherlands, both in primary and secondary education, study of Chinese, Arabic, and Turkish must be introduced as optional subjects. According to the movement, education in these languages will be useful for the country's economy and international relations. According to the manifesto, imams should not only be appointed to mosques, but also in health care, prisons and the armed forces.
Denk's view is that the United Nations and its Security Council need fundamental reform and that the European Union should pursue an independent foreign policy. The movement wants to tackle Islamic extremism by tackling its root causes, which, according to the party, consist of hopelessness, social exclusion, and injustice. On the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the party advocates that Europe strengthen the international position of Palestine and that the Netherlands recognises the State of Palestine.

Electorate

The party mainly attracts support from ethnic minorities in the Netherlands, especially from the Turkish and Moroccan population. Correspondingly the support for DENK is the strongest in cities and towns with a significant migrant population, especially in the larger cities such as Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In these cities the support for the party concentrates in the majority-minority districts, such as Nieuw-West in Amsterdam or Kanaleneiland in Utrecht, gaining between 30-40% of the votes in those districs.

Controversy

Support for the AKP">Long arm of Ankara">Support for the AKP

The two leaders and founders of the party have been criticised for being "closely linked to the AKP" of Turkish leader Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and "do not criticize Erdogan and Turkish government policies". The party was the sole party in the Netherlands that did not call for the release of a Turkish-Dutch blogger who was arrested for a tweet about Erdoğan. The party has also been heavily criticised for refusing to distance itself from the purges in Turkey since 2016.
The Diyanet, a Turkish governmental unit, has allowed Denk to promote itself in Diyanet-controlled Dutch mosques. There are 146 such mosques as of 2018.
The party's program for the 2017 general election, in the context of the Armenian Genocide, mourns both the Turkish and the Armenian sides, while calling for an "independent international investigation". Denk claims that there is no consensus regarding the scale and cause of the tragedy, and calls for "reason and unification". Within that framework, the party does not use the term genocide. Denk was the sole party which voted against a bill recognising the Armenian Genocide.

Disingenuous campaigning

NRC Handelsblad reported in February 2017 that Denk was using fake social media profiles in order to influence public opinion. In response, Denk released a video on their Facebook page in which Kuzu and Azarkan downplayed the allegations, questioned the motives of NRC Handelsblad, and suggested that other parties make greater use of fake social media accounts. A few days later, authorised party leader Kuzu acknowledged that there had been some internet trolls from the youth department of DENK who would be called to account for their behaviour. Some days after, Kuzu also called Azarkan to account for his role in the use of fake social media accounts.
In 2018, it was revealed that party members tried using online banners with the text "After 15 March, we will cleanse the Netherlands" and the branding of the Party for Freedom, in order to smear the party and accuse it of supporting ethnic cleansing. The campaign was made by order of campaign leader Farid Azarkan.
In March 2020, the party was condemned by fellow members of the Tweede Kamer for releasing a series of campaign videos in which the party calls MPs of Turkish origin 'traitors' using the Dutch word landverraders - a term which carries loaded references to the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands.

Incidents involving Palestinian flags

Party members have been caught in several incidents involving Palestinian flags. During a visit by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in 2016, party member Tunahan Kuzu wore a badge with the flag and explicitly refused to shake his hand. In May 2019, Kuzu had a Palestinian flag confiscated by members of the IDF near the Al-Aqsa Mosque. Members of Denk's youth wing Oppositie have posted images of children wearing keffiyehs with openly Anti-Zionist captions, together with flags.

Accusations of antisemitism

In 2017, the party distributed a document with parliamentary questions, accusing the :nl:Centrum Informatie en Documentatie Israël|Centre for Information and Documentation on Israel and Likoed of starting a smear campaign against the party, accusing the former of having links with the Israeli government. The former sued supporters of the party for inciting hatred, the closest possible legal article which criminalises denial of the Holocaust.
During a debate on the legality of kosher ritual slaughter, MP Selçuk Öztürk referred to "the long arm of Israel and the Jews influencing the Tweede Kamer".

Election results