Demographics of Haiti
Although Haiti averages approximately 402 people per square kilometer, its population is concentrated most heavily in urban areas, coastal plains, and valleys. The majority of Haitians, 95%, are of predominantly African descent. The remaining of the population is primarily mulattoes, Europeans, Asians and Arabs. Hispanic residents in Haiti are mostly Cuban and Dominican. About two thirds of the Haitian population live in rural areas.
Although there was a national census taken in Haiti in 2003, much of that data has not been released to the public. Several demographic studies, including those by social work researcher Athena Kolbe, have shed light on the current status of urban residents. In 2006, households averaged 4.5 members. The median age was 25 years with a mean average age of 27 years. People aged 15 and younger counted for roughly a third of the population. Overall, 52.7 percent of the population was female.
Population in Haiti
According to the total population was in, compared to 3,221,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 36.2%, 59.7% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.5% was 65 years or older. According to the World Bank, Haiti's dependency rate is 7.51 dependents per 100 working age persons.
| Total population | Proportion aged 0–14 | Proportion aged 15–64 | Proportion aged 65+ | |
| 1950 | 3 221 000 | 39.6 | 56.7 | 3.7 |
| 1955 | 3 516 000 | 39.7 | 56.9 | 3.4 |
| 1960 | 3 869 000 | 40.3 | 56.5 | 3.2 |
| 1965 | 4 275 000 | 41.7 | 54.9 | 3.4 |
| 1970 | 4 713 000 | 41.8 | 54.5 | 3.7 |
| 1975 | 5 144 000 | 41.3 | 54.8 | 3.9 |
| 1980 | 5 692 000 | 41.1 | 54.9 | 4.0 |
| 1985 | 6 389 000 | 42.2 | 53.8 | 4.0 |
| 1990 | 7 110 000 | 43.1 | 52.9 | 4.0 |
| 1995 | 7 838 000 | 42.6 | 53.5 | 3.9 |
| 2000 | 8 578 000 | 40.3 | 55.7 | 4.0 |
| 2005 | 9 261 000 | 38.1 | 57.8 | 4.2 |
| 2010 | 9 896 000 | 36.2 | 59.7 | 4.5 |
Structure of the population
Structure of the population :| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 4 993 731 | 5 091 483 | 10 085 214 | 100% |
| 0-4 | 644 550 | 618 772 | 1 263 322 | 12.53% |
| 5-9 | 608 495 | 586 984 | 1 195 479 | 11.85% |
| 10-14 | 588 618 | 569 860 | 1 158 478 | 11.49% |
| 15-19 | 551 467 | 540 897 | 1 092 364 | 10.83% |
| 20-24 | 509 042 | 510 547 | 1 019 589 | 10.11% |
| 25-29 | 454 123 | 465 513 | 919 636 | 9.12% |
| 30-34 | 340 518 | 362 078 | 702 596 | 6.97% |
| 35-39 | 261 157 | 286 847 | 548 004 | 5.43% |
| 40-44 | 235 182 | 253 300 | 488 482 | 4.84% |
| 45-49 | 204 077 | 219 300 | 423 377 | 4.20% |
| 50-54 | 166 418 | 176 495 | 342 913 | 3.40% |
| 55-59 | 136 034 | 148 697 | 284 731 | 2.82% |
| 60-64 | 95 939 | 110 896 | 206 835 | 2.05% |
| 65-69 | 81 854 | 94 044 | 175 898 | 1.74% |
| 70-74 | 58 181 | 71 255 | 129 436 | 1.28% |
| 75-79 | 35 538 | 45 360 | 80 898 | 0.80% |
| 80+ | 22 538 | 30 638 | 53 176 | 0.53% |
Structure of the population :
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 5 075 517 | 5 172 789 | 10 248 306 | 100 |
| 0-4 | 647 465 | 621 432 | 1 268 897 | 12.38% |
| 5-9 | 611 472 | 589 690 | 1 201 161 | 11.72% |
| 10-14 | 591 018 | 572 066 | 1 163 085 | 11.35% |
| 15-19 | 556 085 | 544 798 | 1 100 883 | 10.74% |
| 20-24 | 514 235 | 514 898 | 1 029 132 | 10.04% |
| 25-29 | 465 396 | 475 451 | 940 847 | 9.18% |
| 30-34 | 358 927 | 379 066 | 737 993 | 7.20% |
| 35-39 | 270 574 | 296 362 | 566 936 | 5.53% |
| 40-44 | 237 754 | 257 273 | 495 026 | 4.83% |
| 45-49 | 208 671 | 224 746 | 433 416 | 4.23% |
| 50-54 | 171 468 | 182 332 | 353 800 | 3.45% |
| 55-59 | 140 392 | 152 742 | 293 134 | 2.86% |
| 60-64 | 99 846 | 114 973 | 214 819 | 2.10% |
| 65-69 | 82 201 | 94 868 | 177 069 | 1.73% |
| 70-74 | 59 833 | 72 957 | 132 790 | 1.30% |
| 75-79 | 36 751 | 47 083 | 83 834 | 0.82% |
| 80+ | 23 431 | 32 053 | 55 484 | 0.54% |
Structure of the population :
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total |
| 0-4 | 12.9% | 11.7% | 12.3% |
| 5-9 | 12.1% | 10.9% | 11.5% |
| 10-14 | 12.9% | 11.7% | 12.3% |
| 15-19 | 11.6% | 11.7% | 11.6% |
| 20-24 | 9.5% | 10.0% | 9.8% |
| 25-29 | 7.7% | 8.4% | 8.1% |
| 30-34 | 6.0% | 6.3% | 6.2% |
| 35-39 | 5.2% | 5.2% | 5.2% |
| 40-44 | 4.3% | 4.2% | 4.3% |
| 45-49 | 3.6% | 4.0% | 3.8% |
| 50-54 | 3.3% | 4.1% | 3.7% |
| 55-59 | 2.8% | 3.4% | 3.1% |
| 60-64 | 2.5% | 2.6% | 2.5% |
| 65-69 | 2.0% | 1.8% | 1.9% |
| 70-74 | 1.6% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| 75-79 | 0.8% | 0.9% | 0.9% |
| 80+ | 1.1% | 1.5% | 1.3% |
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events in Haiti is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.While limited, evidence suggests that disasters can cause human populations to increase in the long term, rather than decrease. Documented fertility spikes followed the Khmer Rouge conflict and 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami - potential causes may include reduced access to contraception and families desiring more children following child death. In Haiti's case, the fertility rate nearly tripled after the quake, and is likely to remain elevated for long after.
Births and deaths
| Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Rate of natural increase | TFR |
| 2005 | 9,292,282 | ~258,325 | ~87,347 | ~170,978 | 27.8 | 9.4 | 18.4 | 3.5 |
| 2006 | 9,445,412 | ~258,804 | ~87,842 | ~170,962 | 27.4 | 9.3 | 18.2 | 3.4 |
| 2007 | 9,602,305 | ~260,222 | ~87,381 | ~172,841 | 27.1 | 9.1 | 18.0 | 3.4 |
| 2008 | 9,761,929 | ~260,644 | ~87,857 | ~172,787 | 26.7 | 9.0 | 17.7 | 3.3 |
| 2009 | 9,923,243 | ~261,874 | ~87,325 | ~174,549 | 26.4 | 8.8 | 17.6 | 3.3 |
| 2010 | 10,085,216 | ~262,216 | ~200,000 | ~62,216 | 26.0 | 19.8 | 6.2 | 3.2 |
| 2011 | 10,248,306 | ~265,431 | ~88,135 | ~177,296 | 25.9 | 8.6 | 17.3 | |
| 2012 | 10,413,211 | ~267,620 | ~88,512 | ~179,108 | 25.7 | 8.5 | 17.2 | 3.2 |
| 2013 | 10,579,230 | ~247,025 | ~84,634 | ~162,391 | 23.35 | 8 | 15.35 | 2.88 |
Number of births and deaths are calculated - based on Crude Birth and Death Rates.
Fertility and births
The Total Fertility Rate and Crude Birth Rate :| Year | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR |
| 1994–95 | 34 | 4.8 | 31 | 3.3 | 35 | 5.9 |
| 2000 | 32.6 | 4.7 | 29.4 | 3.3 | 34.0 | 5.8 |
| 2005–2006 | 28.7 | 4.0 | 26.2 | 2.8 | 30.1 | 5.0 |
| 2012 | 27.8 | 3.5 | 24.4 | 2.6 | 29.4 | 4.4 |
| 2016-17 | 24.3 | 3.0 | 21.1 | 2.1 | 26.3 | 3.9 |
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.- One birth every 2 minutes
- One death every 6 minutes
- One net migrant every 15 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 4 minutes
;Population:
;Ethnic groups:
;Age structure:
;Median age:
;Birth rate:
;Death rate:
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;Net migration rate:
;Population growth rate:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
;Languages:
- French
- Haitian Creole
- noun:Haitian
- adjective: Haitian
Languages
Today, the Republic of Haiti has two official languages. They are French and Haitian Creole; the latter, a French-based creole where 90% of its vocabulary is derived from, with influences from Portuguese, Spanish, Taíno, and West African languages. French is the principal written and administratively authorized language and is spoken by 42% of Haitians. It is spoken by most educated Haitians, is the medium of instruction in most schools, and is used in the business sector. It is also used in ceremonial events such as weddings, graduations and church masses.
Haiti is one of two independent nations in the Americas to designate French as an official language; the other French-speaking areas are all overseas départements, or collectivités, of France. Haitian Creole, which has recently undergone a standardization, is spoken by virtually the entire population of Haiti. It is related to the other French creoles, but most closely to Antillean Creole and Louisiana Creole variants.
Spanish, though not official, is spoken by a growing amount of the population, and is spoken more frequently near the border with the Dominican Republic. English is increasingly spoken among the young and in the business sector.
Religion
The state religion is Roman Catholicism which 55–60% of the population professes. 30–35% of Haitians practice Protestantism(mostly Pentecostalism.An important percentage of the population practice Vodou, mostly along with another religion. The main religions practiced in Haiti are Roman Catholicism, Pentecostalism, Islam, and Judaism. In addition, the protestant population is continuing to grow, along with Islam and Judaism. Almost 99% of Haitians claim at least one religion, with a part of them practicing some part of voodoo.Voodoo is rare among the urban elite and is often compared to Cuban Santeria due to the large Cuban population in Haiti. The practice of voodoo revolves around family spirits called Loua that protect children. To repay the spirits, children perform two ceremonies where the Loua are given gifts like food and drinks. That does depend of the monetary status of these families, poorer families wait until there is a need to perform the rituals.
Voodoo in relation to Christianity came along two different paths, the path with the Catholics and the path with the protestants. For the Catholic path; under the French the slaves were not allowed to practice Voodoo, but they were allowed to occasionally have dances on the weekend. These dances turned out to be Voodoo services, until they were liberated in 1804. Most Haitians see practicing Voodoo and Christianity as normal due to the many components they share. The catholic church wasn't always as accepting of Voodoo as it is now, in 1941-1942 a holy war was waged against Voodoo killing many of the higher ups in the Voodoo religion. This war ended around 1950 when the Catholics decided give up the prosecution of those who practiced Voodoo and to have a relative peace. The path with the protestants was less peaceful. The Protestants came to Haiti in 1970 and since then they have been bitter enemies of Voodoo, most often calling it devil worship.
Education
Although public education at the primary level is now free, private and parochial schools provide around 75% of educational programs offered.In recent years, several annual literacy campaigns launched in by the Martelly administration has increased overall literacy among adults in Haiti. UNESCO projects an overall literacy rate of 61.1% in Haiti by 2015.
As of December 2014, World Bank has reported that school enrollment has increased from 78% to 90% in Haiti, very close to the goal of universal child enrollment.