Daikokuten


In Japan, Daikokuten, the god of great darkness or blackness, or the god of five cereals, is one of the Seven Lucky Gods. Daikokuten evolved from the Buddhist form of the Indian deity Shiva intertwined with the Shinto god Ōkuninushi. The name is the Japanese equivalent of Mahākāla, the Hindu name for Shiva.
The god enjoys an exalted position as a household deity in Japan. Daikoku's association with wealth and prosperity precipitated a custom known as fukunusubi, or "theft of fortune". This custom started with the belief that whoever stole divine figures was assured of good fortune if not caught in the act. The toshi-no-ichi held at Sensō-ji became the main venue of the sale and disposal of such images by the fortune-seekers. Many small stalls were opened where articles including images of Daikoku were sold on the eve of New Year celebrations.
The Japanese also maintain the symbol of Mahakala as a monogram. The traditional pilgrims climbing the holy Mount Ontake wear tenugui with the seed syllable of Mahakala.
Daikoku is variously considered to be the god of wealth, or of the household, particularly the kitchen. He is recognised by his wide face, smile, and a flat black hat. He is often portrayed holding a golden mallet called Uchide no kozuchi, otherwise known as the "mallet of fortune", and is seen seated on bales of rice, with rats nearby signifying plentiful food.
Daikoku's image was featured on the first Japanese bank note, designed by Edoardo Chiossone.

Goddess Daikokutennyo

The Butsuzōzui compendium of 1690 lists and illustrates six different manifestations of Daikoku, including the feminine form known as Daikokunyo or Daikokutennyo . As Daikoku is the form of the masculine Mahākāla, Daikokutennyo is the nipponized form of the feminine Mahākāli.
When Daikoku is regarded as the feminine Daikokutennyo, and Kisshoutennyo is counted among the seven Fukujin, all three of the Hindu Tridevi goddesses are represented among the Fukujin.