Csanád County


Csanád was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except a small area which is part of Romania. The capital of the county was Makó.

Geography

Csanád county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád, Békés, Arad and Torontál. The river Maros formed its southern border. Its area was 1714 km2 around 1910.

History

The county's territory became part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the first half of the 11th century when Stephen I of Hungary defeated Ajtony, local ruler. The county got its name after the commander of the royal army, Csanád. The king appointed Gerard of Csanád first bishop of Csanád. The county was initially much larger, it included territories of the later Temes, Arad, and Torontál counties. The first seat of the county was Csanád.
The county's territory became part of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century. The settlement structure was almost completely destroyed during the Ottoman-Habsburg wars. In the Treaty of Karlowitz, the Ottoman Empire renounced its claims to the territories north of the Maros river. Csanád county was reorganized in the returned territories. Makó became the seat of the reorganized county.
After World War I, the county was occupied by the Romanian army.
In 1920, the Treaty of Trianon assigned a small area in the southeast of the county to Romania. The rest of the county was united with parts of Torontál county and Arad county to form the new county of Csanád-Arad-Torontál in 1923.
After World War II, the county was recreated, but in 1950 the county was divided between the Hungarian counties of Békés and Csongrád. The Romanian part of former Csanád county is now part of the Romanian county of Arad.

Demographics

Csanád county was one of the most densely populated counties of the Hungarian Kingdom. The Hungarians formed an ethnic majority in every district except for the district Nagylak. The main part of the Slovaks and Romanians lived in the district Nagylak, the Serbs in the district Battonya.

1900

In 1900, the county had a population of 140,007 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:
Total:
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:
Total:
In 1910, the county had a population of 145,249 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:
Total:
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:
Total:
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Csanád county were:
The town of Nădlac is now in Romania; the other towns mentioned are now in Hungary.