Planning for a rail connection from the area around the town of Müllrose had started by 1840. In 1843, August Leopold Crelle presented a design for a railway from Berlin to Breslau that would run near Briesen. This connection—the Lower Silesian-Mark Railway—was, however, built via Frankfurt. Subsequently plans were studied for a line between Frankfurt and Leipzig. The Cottbus-Großenhain Railway Company opened a line between Großenhain and Cottbus in 1870 and planned an extension to Frankfurt. The original plans envisaged a course via Friedland and Beeskow, but it was eventually decided to take a route further east. The line was opened to traffic on 31 December 1876. Stations were built in between in Peitz, Jamlitz, Weichensdorf, Grunow and Müllrose. The railway served at first as a long-distance connection between Dresden, Cottbus and Frankfurt and with other towns located to the east of the Oder. In 1871 and 1872 the Halle-Sorau-Guben Railway Company built lines from Leipzig and Halle to Cottbus with connections to Guben and to Sorau. This also connected with the line from Berlin to Wroclaw and Frankfurt. Semi-fast and express trains ran between Cottbus and Frankfurt on this line until 1945, but they were then diverted on the slightly longer and better maintained route through Guben and Eisenhüttenstadt in order to serve these two important towns. Some passenger services remained on the line via Grunow. The line remained single-track and non-electrified. Due to the lack of traffic on the line, Deutsche Bahn closed passenger services between Grunow and Peitz on 1 June 1996. For some years railcars still ran hourly between Cottbus and Peitz until this traffic was abandoned on 30 May 2000. Freight traffic ended between Grunow and Jamlitz on 1 July 1996 and between Peitz and Jamlitz on 5 November 2000. In August 2002, the section between Cottbus and Willmersdorf was reactivated since in this area the Cottbus–Guben railway had to be moved for the expansion of the Cottbus-Nord open cast mine. The line was relaid next to the old line towards Peitz as far as Willmersdorf. This also included the construction of several stations.
Rail services
Services are operated by Niederbarnimer Eisenbahn GmbH on the Königs Wusterhausen–Beeskow-Frankfurt route as the RB 36 Regionalbahn service. These services run hourly on weekdays and every two hours on the weekend.
