Constitution of North Rhine-Westphalia


The Constitution of North Rhine-Westphalia in the constitutional document that governs the responsibilities and rights of various offices and the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany.

Background

After the collapse of the Third Reich after the Second World War, the area now covered by North Rhine-Westphalia was administered by Britain as part of the Allied occupation of Germany. The British unified the former Prussian province of Westphalia and the northern part of the Prussian Rhine province on August 23, 1946. The duchy of Lippe-Detmold was combined with these around six months later, in January 1947.
On June 6, 1950, after three years of discussion, the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia by a narrow vote enacted a permanent constitution. This was ratified by the public in a pleblecite of 18 June 1950, with a majority of 57% voting for. This was in accordance with Article 90 of the constitution itself, which demanded such a vote.

Provisions

The constitution, as amended, has 92 articles, covering the operation of the state.

Articles 1, 2 and 3: Fundamental Principles

Article 1 establishes North Rhine-Westphalia as a member state of the Federal Republic of Germany, with its own subdivisions, and its own right to choose a flag and coat of arms. Article 2 establishes the principle of a plebiscite, and article 3 the separation of powers between parliament and the courts.

Articles 4–29: Fundamental Rights and the Organisation of Community Life

Together, the section covers basic human rights, the rights of the family, education, religion and the churches, work, the economy and the environment.

Articles 30–88: The Bodies and Tasks of the ''Land''

This section of the constitution focussed mostly on the operation of the government of North Rhine-Westphalia. The first sub-section cover the actions and organisation of the Landtag, with Articles 30-50. Articles 51-64 cover the Landesregiergung, its intersections with the Landtag and some details of the role of the minister-president; articles 65-71 legislation within North Rhine-Westphalia; and articles 72-76 the law courts. Administration is also covered in this section, along with financial provisions.
Articles 88-92 finished the constitution and its institution, along with the transition to the new system.
The constitution was signed by the members of the state government.