City gate
A city gate is a gate which is, or was, set within a city wall.
Uses
City gates were traditionally built to provide a point of controlled access to and departure from a walled city for people, vehicles, goods and animals. Depending on their historical context they filled functions relating to defense, security, health, trade, taxation, and representation, and were correspondingly staffed by military or municipal authorities. The city gate was also commonly used to display diverse kinds of public information such as announcements, tax and toll schedules, standards of local measures, and legal texts. It could be heavily fortified, ornamented with heraldic shields, sculpture or inscriptions, or used as a location for warning or intimidation, for example by displaying the heads of beheaded criminals or public enemies.City gates, in one form or another, can be found across the world in cities dating back to ancient times to around the 19th century. Many cities would close their gates after a certain curfew each night, for example a bigger one like Prague or a smaller one like Flensburg, in the north of Germany.
With increased stability and freedom, many walled cities removed such fortifications as city gates, although many still survive; albeit for historic interest rather than security. Many surviving gates have been heavily restored, rebuilt or new ones created to add to the appearance of a city, such as Bab Bou Jalous in Fes. With increased levels of traffic, city gates have come under threat in the past for impeding the flow of traffic, such as Temple Bar in London which was removed in the 19th century.
Examples
Africa
- Egypt: Gates of Cairo
- Morocco:
- *Bab Agnaou in Marrakech
- *Gates of Fez
Asia
- China
- * Zhengyangmen and Deshengmen in Beijing
- * Gate of China in Nanjing
- * city gate of Jianshui
- Cyprus: Famagusta Gate in Nicosia
- India
- * Gateway of India in Mumbai
- * Walled city of Jaipur in Jaipur
- * Walled city and gates of Aurangabad in Aurangabad
- * Walled city of Kota in Kota
- * Teen Darwaza in Bhadra Fort, Ahmedabad
- Mesopotamia: Ishtar Gate, Babylon
- Iran
- * Qur'an gate
- * Nowbar gate.
- Israel: Gates in Jerusalem's Old City Walls
- Japan: Rashomon Gate, Kyoto
- Macau: Portas do Cerco - border gate for Macau with neighbouring Zhuhai
- Pakistan: Walled City of Lahore
- South Korea: Seoul's city gates, including: Namdaemun and Dongdaemun
- Taiwan: North gate of Taipei
- Yemen: Bab al Yemen of Sana'a
Europe
- Austria: :File:Hainburg Wienertor 2011.jpg|Wienertor : in Hainburg an der Donau
- Belgium:
- * Brusselpoort: in Mechelen
- * Waterpoort in Antwerp
- * Halle Gate in Brussels
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: Višegradska kapija Višegrad gate, gate in Sarajevo
- Croatia: Walls of Dubrovnik
- Czech Republic:
- * Powder Gate, Prague
- * Písek Gate, Prague
- * :cs:Zelená brána|Zelená brána, Pardubice
- * :cs:Brána Matky Boží|Brána Matky Boží, Jihlava
- * :cs:Svatá brána |Svatá brána, Kadaň
- * :cs:Vysoká brána |Vysoká brána, Rakovník
- * Pražská brána, Rakovník
- Denmark: :da:Vesterport |Vesterport, Faaborg
- England:
- * Bargate Southampton
- * London's Roman and Medieval gates of the London Wall: Ludgate, Newgate, Aldersgate, Bishopsgate, Cripplegate, Moorgate, Aldgate
- * Westgate, Canterbury
- * Eastgate, Northgate, Watergate and Bridgegate. Chester
- * The gates of the York city walls
- Estonia: Tallinn Gate in Pärnu
- France:
- * Porte de Joigny and Porte de Sens in Villeneuve-sur-Yonne
- * Porte de la Craffe in Nancy
- * Porte des Allemands in Metz
- * Porte Saint-Denis and Porte Saint-Martin in Paris
- * Porte Mars in Reims
- * Porte Cailhau in Bordeaux
- * Porte de la Grosse-Horloge in La Rochelle
- * Porte Mordelaise in Rennes
- Germany:
- * Fünfgratturm in Augsburg
- * Rotes Tor in Augsburg
- * Vogeltor in Augsburg
- * Wertachbrucker Tor in Augsburg
- * Brandenburg Gate, in Berlin
- * Eigelsteintor, Hahnentor, Ulrepforte, Severinstor in Cologne
- * Nordertor, Kompagnietor and Rotes Tor in Flensburg
- * Martinstor and Schwabentor in Freiburg im Breisgau
- * Holstentor, in Lübeck
- * Isartor, Sendlinger Tor, Karlstor and Propylaea in Munich
- *, in Regensburg
- * Steintor, in Rostock
- * Old Gate, in Speyer
- * Porta Nigra, in Trier
- Greece: Lion Gate in Mycenae, 13th century B.C..
- Ireland:
- *Saint Laurence Gate, Drogheda
- *Sheep Gate, Trim
- *St. James's Gate, Dublin
- *gates of Dublin
- Italy:
- * Porta Galliera, Bologna
- * Porta Saragozza, Bologna
- * Porta Paola, Ferrara
- * Pusterla di Sant'Ambrogio, in Milan
- * Porta Nuova, in Milan
- * Porta Nuova, in Milan
- * Porta Ticinese, in Milan
- * Porta Ticinese, in Milan
- * Porta Capuana, Naples
- * Porta San Gennaro, Naples
- * Port'Alba, Naples
- * Porta Nolana, Naples
- * Porta Felice, in Palermo
- * Porta Nuova, in Palermo
- * Porta San Giovanni, in Rome
- * Porta del Popolo, in Rome
- * Porta Maggiore, in Rome
- * Porta Pinciana, in Rome
- * Porta Tiburtina, in Rome
- * Porta San Sebastiano, in Rome
- * Porta San Paolo, in Rome
- * Porta Camollia, Siena
- * Porta Palatina, in Turin
- Lithuania: Gate of Dawn, in Vilnius
- Malta:
- * City Gate and Victoria Gate, Valletta
- * Mdina Gate and Greeks Gate, Mdina
- * Notre Dame Gate, Birgu
- * St. Helen's Gate, Cospicua
- Netherlands:
- * Amsterdamse Poort, a city gate of Haarlem
- * Waterpoort, Sneek
- * Vischpoort, Elburg
- * Vischpoort, Harderwijk
- * Koppelpoort, Amersfoort
- * Zijlpoort, Leiden
- Poland:
- * Brama Floriańska, Kraków
- * :pl:Brama Żuraw w Gdańsku|Żuraw, Gdańsk
- * Brama Zielona, Gdańsk
- * :pl:Brama Wyżynna w Gdańsku|Brama Wyżynna, Gdańsk
- * :pl:Brama Mariacka|Brama Mariacka, Gdańsk
- * :pl:Brama Krakowska w Lublinie|Brama Krakowska, Lublin
- * :pl:Brama Mostowa w Toruniu|Brama Mostowa, Toruń
- * :pl:Brama Klasztorna w Toruniu|Brama Klasztorna, Toruń
- * :pl:Brama Opatowska|Brama Opatowska, Sandomierz
- * Brama Młyńska, Stargard
- * :pl:Brama Pyrzycka w Stargardzie|Brama Pyrzycka, Stargard
- * :pl:Brama Garncarska w Malborku|Brama Garncarska, Malbork
- * :pl:Brama Lidzbarska w Bartoszycach|Brama Lidzbarska, Bartoszyce
- * Nowa Brama, Słupsk
- * :pl:Brama Świecka w Chojnie|Brama Świecka, Chojna
- * :pl:Brama Wolińska w Goleniowie|Brama Wolińska, Goleniów
- * Brama Odrzańska, Brzeg
- * :pl:Brama Portowa w Szczecinie|Brama Portowa, Szczecin
- * :pl:Brama Górna w Olsztynie|Brama Górna, Olsztyn
- * :pl:Brama Szczebrzeska w Zamościu|Brama Szczebrzeska, Zamość
- Portugal:
- * Arco da Porta Nova, Braga
- * :pt:Portas da Cidade de Ponta Delgada|Portas da Cidade, Ponta Delgada
- * :pt:Portão dos Varadouros|Portão dos Varadouros a.k.a. City Gate, Funchal
- Romania: Catherine's Gate, Brașov
- Russia
- * Voskresensky Gate, Moscow
- * Golden Gate, Vladimir
- Slovakia:
- * Michalská brána, Bratislava
- * Košická brána, Levoča
- Spain: See :Category:City gates in Spain
- Switzerland: The gates of the Basel City Walls, Basel
- Turkey: The many gates in the walls of Constantinople, present day Istanbul
- Ukraine: Golden Gate, Kiev
- Wales: Chepstow Town Gate
North America
- Canada: Ramparts of Quebec City
- Trinidad and Tobago: City Gate, Port of Spain
South America
- Peru: Machu Picchu's gate