China Marine Surveillance
China Marine Surveillance was a maritime surveillance agency of China.
Patrol vessels from China Marine Surveillance are commonly deployed to locations in the South China Sea and East China Sea where China has territorial disputes over islands with its neighbors. The CMS has played a central role in China's increasing assertiveness in the South China Sea, encountering opposition from Japan, the Philippines and Vietnam in the disputed territories, as China tries to lock up natural resources to meet its demands as the world's largest energy consumer.
One senior US naval intelligence officer has suggested that the mission of China Marine Surveillance is to "harass other nations into submitting to China's expansive claims."
The agency has been disbanded in July 2013 and has now been merged, along with three other similar agencies, with the China Coast Guard.
Organization and function
Established 1998, the CMS, charged with the supervisory responsibility for some 3 million square kilometers of Chinese declared territorial waters, employs some 7,000 individuals and operates some 10 aircraft, including at least one Mil Mi-8 helicopter and two Harbin Y-12 utility planes, and 400 seagoing vessels. It has grown in fleet size and capability. Its fleet is made up of, in part, destroyers and other former Chinese Navy vessels.- Headquarters: Beijing.
- North China Sea Fleet. Qingdao, Shandong.
- East China Sea Fleet. Pudong, Shanghai.
- South China Sea Fleet. Guangzhou, Guangdong.
Disestablishment
North China Sea Fleet
The North China Sea Fleet was led by both North China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration and China Marine Surveillance.Name | Builder | Displacement | Commissioned | Home port | Status |
Haijian 01 | 54,18 | 2012 | Renamed China Coast Guard 2401 | ||
Haijian 15 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 1,740 | January 2011 | Qingdao, Shandong | Renamed CCG-1115 under the China Coast Guard. |
Haijian 23 | Renamed China Coast Guard 1123 | Renamed China Coast Guard 2401 | |||
Haijian 26 | 1125 | April 2011 | Qingdao, Shandong | Renamed China Coast Guard 1126 | |
Haijian 110 | 3,000 | November 2012 | Renamed China Coast Guard 1310. Formerly a tug boat Beituo 710 in the North China Sea Fleet of PLA Navy | ||
Haijian 111 | 5,000 | November 2012 | Renamed China Coast Guard 1411. Formerly an icebreaker Haibing 723 | ||
Haijian 112 | Renanmed China Coast Guard 1212 | ||||
Haijian 137 | 3,000 | November 2012 | Renamed China Coast Guard 2337 | ||
Haijian 167 | Renamed China Coast Guard 3367 | ||||
Haijian 168 | Renamed China Coast Guard 3368 | ||||
Haijian 169 | Renamed China Coast Guard 3469 | ||||
Haijian 852 | Decommissioned |
East China Sea Fleet
The East China Sea Fleet was led by both East China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration and China Marine Surveillance.Name | Builder | Displacement | Commissioned | Home port | Status |
Haijian 41 | 201.51 | ||||
Haijian 44 | 201.51 | ||||
Haijian 46 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 1,101 | April 2005 | Ningbo, Zhejiang | Active |
Haijian 47 | 656.66 | September 1973 | Ningbo, Zhejiang | Active | |
Haijian 49 | 996.7 | Around 1997 | Ningbo, Zhejiang | Active | |
Haijian 50 | 3,336 | Shanghai | Active | ||
Haijian 51 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 1,937 | November 2005 | Shanghai | Active |
Haijian 52 | 2,421 | 2000 | Shanghai | Planned to be inactive soon | |
Haijian 53 | 284 | ||||
Haijian 66 | Huangpu Shipbuilding | 1,290 |
South China Sea Fleet
The South China Sea Fleet is led by both South China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration and China Marine Surveillance.Name | Builder | Displacement | Commissioned | Home port | Status |
Haijian 27 | 1,200 | Active | |||
Haijian 71 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 1,111 | Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong | Active | |
Haijian 72 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 898.8 | Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong | ? | |
Haijian 73 | Guangzhou Shipbuilding | 1,118 | Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong | Active. Formerly Xiangyanghong 03 | |
Haijian 74 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 996 | Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong | Active. | |
Haijian 75 | Huangpu Shipbuilding | 1,290 | October 2010 | Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong | Active |
Haijian 78 | Active | ||||
Haijian 79 | Active | ||||
Haijian 83 | 3,980 | Active | |||
Haijian 84 | Wuchang Shipbuilding | 1,740 | May 2011 | Guangzhou, Guangdong | Active |
Haijian 88 | Active |
Deployments around Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands
According to the State Oceanic Administration, the following operations in the territorial waters around Senkaku Islands have been carried out by CMS, which is now known as China Coast Guard.Date | Ships | Operations | Japan's Reaction | Ref |
September 14, 2012 | Haijian 50, 15, 26, 27, 51, 66 | Cruise and patrol | JCG ships expelled the CMS ships. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Osamu Fujimura told reporters "We strongly request that the Chinese authorities leave our territory". China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs responded and described the patrol as a "rights defense law enforcement action, to reflect the Chinese government's jurisdiction over the Senkaku Islands and safeguard China's maritime rights and interests." | |
April 23, 2013 | Haijian 51, 23, 46, 50, 15, 49, 66, 137 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe expressed "regret" over the incident when he attended a meeting of the Japanese House of Councillors Committee on Appropriations. Japanese Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs :ja:河相周夫|Chikao Kawai called in Cheng Yonghua, the China's ambassador to Japan, and raised a "strong protest" against China's actions. Kawai requested CMS ships to leave, which was denied by Cheng. Cheng reiterated China's stance that China owns indisputable sovereignty over Senkaku Islands and did not accept the protest. | |
April 26, 2013 | Haijian 51, 23, 46 | Cruise and patrol | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area on radio. | |
May 5, 2013 | Haijian 50, 15, 66 | Cruise and patrol | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area on radio. | |
May 13, 2013 | Haijian 50, 15, 66 | Cruise and patrol | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area on radio. The chair of the :ja:アジア大洋州局|Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan :ja:杉山晋輔|Shinsuke Sugiyama protested to Han Zhiqiang, the Chinese envoy to Japan. | |
May 17, 2013 | Haijian 50, 26, 66 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area on radio. | |
May 23, 2013 | Haijian 66, 46, 26 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area. The chair of the :ja:アジア大洋州局|Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan :ja:杉山晋輔|Shinsuke Sugiyama called Han Zhiqiang, the Chinese envoy to Japan, and protested China's "intrusion". | |
May 26, 2013 | Haijian 66, 26, 46 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area. The chair of the Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan Shinsuke Sugiyama called Han Zhiqiang, the Chinese envoy to Japan, and protested this incident. China did not accept the protest. | |
June 14, 2013 | Haijian 51, 23, 49 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area. The chair of the Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan Shinsuke Sugiyama called Han Zhiqiang, the Chinese envoy to Japan, and protested this incident. China did not accept the protest. | |
June 22, 2013 | Haijian 51, 23, 49 | Monitored and expelled Japanese vessels | JCG ships warned the CMS ships to leave the area on radio. |
Deployments within the South China Sea
Ordinals | Time | Ships | Operations | Vietnam's and Philippines' Reactions | Ref |