Chalukya–Chola wars


The Chola–Chalukya wars were a series of wars fought from 992 C.E. to 1120 C.E. between the Chola and the Chalukya kingdoms in what is now India. Most of these conflicts were initiated by the Chalukyas who were defeated by the Cholas and forced to return to their capital. These recurring conflicts eventually exhausted both empires leaving them vulnerable to other enemies.
More than 1,000,000 people were killed due to direct or indirect consequences of the war.

Chola conquests in the Chalukyan kingdom

All the Chola–Chalukya battles took place in Southern and Central Chalukyan country and a few in Vengi which the Cholas dominated until the rise of Ganapati of Kakatiya dynasty.
Year of the battle BattlePresent location and districtChalukyan commanderChola commanderResults
992Rattepadi 7 1/2Chitradurga districtSathyashrayaRajaraja CholaChola annexes the region
1008Rattepadi 7 1/2Chitradurga, Bellary dt'sSathyashrayaPrince Rajendra Chola "Vidyadharar"
1008Banavasi 12,000near Hampi-Bellary districtSathyashrayaRajendra Chola
1008Raichur 2,000Raichur dtSathyashrayaRajendra Chola
1008Gulbarga 7,000Gulbarga dtSathyashrayaRajendra Chola
1008Manyakheth-near Mahagaon-Bidar districtSathyashrayaRajendra Chola"Rajendra with his nine lakh soldiers demolished Manyaketh ". Chola win all these battles and rule these areas over the next seven years.
1008Toanur on River Krishnanear Bijapur-BijapurSathyashrayaRajendra CholaChalukyan king killed in this remote battlefield; the Chalukyas move their capital, further away from the overwhelming Chola borders, to Kalyani 48 km NE of the destroyed Manyaketh
1015Chalukya reclaim Raichur after the Chola army leave for Rajaraja Chola's funeral at Thanjavur. River Tungabhadra become almost a permanent border between the two kingdoms.
1019BalagaonBijapur dtKing Vikramaditya V and Prince JayasimhaChola Governor of Malprabha RegionChalukya win
1019BelgaumBelgaum dtVikramaditya VChola Governor of Malprabha RegionChalukya kill the Chola governor
1020MusangiRaichur dtVikramaditya VKing Rajendra CholaChola on a rampage over all of South Chalukya. Raichur annexed to Chola empire.
1042GulbargaGulbarga dtSomeswara I, Princes Vikramaditya and VijayadityaPrince Rajathiraja CholaChalukya defeated and Gulbarga annexed.
1045Someswara I reclaims Gulbarga and Raichur when the Chola prince is away to visit his ailing father.
1046GambiliGambili, near Hospet -Bellary dtSomeswara IRajathiraja CholaChola again conquer Raichur.
1048Poondoor on Rver KrishnaGulbarga dtSomeswara IRajathiraja CholaChola again conquer Gulbarga.
1048Mannathi on River KrishnaGulburga dtSomeswara IRajathiraja Chola
1048KalyaniBidar dtSomeswara IRajathiraja CholaChola conquer Kalyani. Chalukyas driven back to their Kunthala hinterland behind the eastern corner of Balaghat Range
1050Chalukyan Someswara I reclaims the lost up to Kalyani.
1054KoppaThirtham on River Malprabha30 km south-east of Kolhapur - Bijapur dtSomeswara IRajathiraja CholaSomeswara I advances in a bid to reclaim Gulbarga and Bijapur. Rajathiraja, 54 years old, dies on his elephant ; brother Rajendra II is crowned in the battlefield and leads Cholas to victory ; Chalukyan crown prince Jayasimha killed on the battlefield
1054KolapurKolhapur -South MaharashtraSomeswara IKing Rajendra Chola IIThe 51-year-old new Chola king conquers Kalyani and Kolhapur, which remain under Chola domination for the next three years.
1059Mudakoor on River KrishnaMudakoor- Gulbarga dtSomeswara I invading Gulbarga, and is driven back
1063GulbargaGulbarga dtPrince VikramadityaKing VeeraRajendra CholaChola king visits Gulburga after putting down revolts in Gangapadi - in Raichur and Bellary dt's. Chalukya prince invade Gulburga, but is routed.
1064Kollur on River KrishnaWest Kurnool dtPrince Vikramaditya invades on Vengi blocked and driven back by Narendra II and VeeraRajendra Chola. The Chalukya had invaded using the confusion over king RajaNarendra I's sudden demise.
1064Koodal Sangama on River Krishna meeting the PanchGanga tributariesnear Kidnapur - Bijapur dtKing Someswara IVeeraRajendra CholaChalukyan army destroyed completely.
1066 -on River Krishna, near GulbargaGulbarga dtSomeswara IVeeraRajendra CholaChalukyan attempt to conquer Gulbarga thwarted.
1067Karandhai, north of KalyaniKaranji River valley -Bidar dtChalukyan generals and Kadamba princeVeeraRajendra CholaKing Someswara I does not turn up for the battle. Enraged Cholas devastate the towns of Kalyani and Karanji. Later it is learnt that Someswara had drowned himself in the River Manjira 15 km northeast of Kalyani.
1067Meanwhile, Prince Vikramaditya invades and conquers Vengi and also Chakrakottam
1068VijayawadaKrishna dtthe first and the only Later East Chalukya king Vikramaditya VIVeeraRajendra,58 yrs-
1068ChakrakottamBastar dt Vikramaditya VIVeraRajendraChalukya is defeated and driven back to his Kalyani. VeeraRajendra Chola crowns Vijayaditya VII as the new Vengi king.
1068After Someswara I's death Vikramaditya's elder brother Someswara II takes to the Chalukyan throne. Vikramaditya and the princes of Kadamba, Nulamba and Gangapadi make truce with VeeraRajendra, and ask for his help to dethrone Someswara II, the tyrant. Chola agrees to help.
1070KuththiAnantapur dtSomeswara IIVeeraRajendra Chola and Vikramaditya
1070Gambilinear Hospet-Bellary dtSomeswara IIVeeraRajendra Chola
1070RaichurRaichur dtSomeswara IIVeeraRajendra CholaVeeraRajendra wins all battles and crowns Vikramaditya as Chalukyan king
1075NangiliKolar dtVikramaditya VIKulotunga I
1075MańaliTumkur dtVikramaditya VIKulotunga I
1075HalatthiChitraDurgaVikramaditya VIKulotunga I
1076NavilaBellary dt.Vikramaditya VIKulotunga I
1076--on Tungabhadra RiverRaichur dt.Vikramaditya VIKulotunga IKulotunga wins all battles, and reclaim up to Raichur. Vikramaditya move north into the North Chalukyan territory of Someswara II, drives him away, and crowns himself king again.
1088Chalukya reclaim Raichur and Bellary back.
1098Chola conquer Bellary back
1118Vikramaditya captures Vengi and Gangapadi after Kulothunga had granted autonomous power to Telugu Chola prince Kanikoen makana Bhima Chola, over these areas
1120VijayawadaKrishna districtVikramaditya VIVikrama CholaVikrama Chola reclaims the Vengi kingdom. In the mid 12th century and mid 13th century, the Chalukyas and the Cholas, respectively diminish in power, while the Hoysalas, Kakatiyas and the Later Pandyas encroached upon them