Cephalodiscidae mitochondrial code


The Cephalodiscidae mitochondrial code is a genetic code used by the mitochondrial genome of Cephalodiscidae. The Pterobranchia are one of the two groups in the Hemichordata which together with the Echinodermata and Chordata form the major clades of deuterostomes.
Code 33 is very similar to the mitochondrial code 24 for the Pterobranchia, which also belong to the Hemichordata, except that it uses UAA for tyrosine rather than as a stop codon.
This code shares with many other mitochondrial codes the reassignment of the UGA STOP to tryptophan, and AGG and AGA to an amino acid other than arginine. However, the assignment of AGG to lysine in pterobranchian mitogenomes is not found elsewhere in deuterostome mitochondria but it occurs in some taxa of Arthropoda.

The code

Bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine or uracil.
Amino acids: Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Cysteine, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Valine.

Differences from the standard code

DNA codonsRNA codonsThis code Standard code
TAAUAATyr STOP = Ter
TGAUGATrp STOP = Ter
AGAAGASer Arg
AGGAGGLys Arg