Cardinal electors for the 2005 papal conclave

The papal conclave of 2005 was convened to elect a pope, the head of the Catholic Church, to succeed Pope John Paul II following his death on. According to the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis, which governed the vacancy of the Holy See, only cardinals who had not passed their 80th birthday on the day on which the Holy See fell vacant were eligible to participate in the conclave. Although not a formal requirement, the cardinal electors invariably elect the pope from among their number. The election is carried out by secret ballot.
Of the 183 members of the College of Cardinals at the time of the vacancy of the Holy See, there were 117 cardinal electors who were eligible to participate in the subsequent conclave. Two cardinal electors did not participate, decreasing the number in attendance to 115. The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority or with a one-half simple majority were or, respectively.
Of the 115 attending cardinal electors, 5 were cardinal bishops, 93 were cardinal priests and 17 were cardinal deacons; 2 had been created cardinals by Pope Paul VI and 113 by Pope John Paul II; 24 worked in the service of the Holy See, such as in the Roman Curia, 73 were in charge of pastoral duties outside of Rome and 18 had retired. The oldest cardinal elector in the conclave was Marco Cé, at the age of, while the youngest cardinal elector was Péter Erdő, at the age of. Another 66 cardinals were ineligible to participate in the conclave, for reasons of age.
The cardinal electors entered the Sistine Chapel to begin the conclave on. On, after four ballots over two days, they elected Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, who took the papal name Benedict XVI.

Cardinal electors

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders: cardinal bishops , cardinal priests and cardinal deacons , with precedence in that sequence. This is the order in which the cardinal electors process into the conclave, take the oath and cast their ballots, generally reflecting seniority and honour. For cardinal bishops, except for those who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice-dean and then by the rest in order of appointment as cardinal bishops. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.
Three of the cardinal electors were from the Eastern Catholic Churches: Ignace Moussa I Daoud, Varkey Vithayathil and Lubomyr Husar. In addition, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon were assigned specific roles in the conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself or announcing the election of the pope. These were, respectively, Joseph Ratzinger, William Wakefield Baum, Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez and Attilio Nicora. The Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, who was in charge of administering the Holy See during its vacancy, was Eduardo Martínez Somalo.
The data below are as of, the date on which the Holy See fell vacant. By default, the cardinals are sorted by precedence within each table, as denoted by the column. All cardinals are of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the respective post-nominal letters.

	Name	Country	Born	Order	Consistory	Office
1	Joseph Ratzinger*		16.04.1927	CB	27.06.1977 Paul VI	Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
2	Angelo Sodano		23.11.1927	CB	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Secretary of State
3	Alfonso López Trujillo		08.11.1935	CB	02.02.1983 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for the Family
4	Giovanni Battista Re		30.01.1934	CB	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops
5	Ignace Moussa I Daoud		18.09.1930	CB	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
6	William Wakefield Baum		21.11.1926	CP	24.05.1976 Paul VI	Major Penitentiary emeritus
7	Marco Cé		08.07.1925	CP	30.06.1979 John Paul II	Patriarch emeritus of Venice
8	Franciszek Macharski		20.05.1927	CP	30.06.1979 John Paul II	Archbishop of Kraków
9	Michael Michai Kitbunchu		25.01.1929	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop of Bangkok
10	Godfried Danneels		04.06.1933	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop of Mechelen–Brussels
11	Thomas Stafford Williams		20.03.1930	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Wellington
12	Carlo Maria Martini		15.02.1927	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Milan
13	Jean-Marie Lustiger		17.09.1926	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Paris
14	Józef Glemp		18.12.1929	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop of Warsaw
15	Joachim Meisner		25.12.1933	CP	02.02.1983 John Paul II	Archbishop of Cologne
16	Francis Arinze		01.11.1932	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
17	Miguel Obando Bravo		02.02.1926	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Managua
18	Ricardo Jamin Vidal		06.02.1931	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archbishop of Cebu
19	Paul Poupard		30.08.1930	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for Culture
20	Friedrich Wetter		20.02.1928	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archbishop of Munich and Freising
21	Adrianus Johannes Simonis		26.11.1931	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archbishop of Utrecht
22	Bernard Francis Law		04.11.1931	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major
23	Giacomo Biffi		13.06.1928	CP	25.05.1985 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Bologna
24	Eduardo Martínez Somalo		31.03.1927	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church
25	José Freire Falcão		23.10.1925	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Brasília
26	Michele Giordano		22.09.1930	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	Archbishop of Naples
27	Edmund Casimir Szoka		14.09.1927	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
28	László Paskai		08.05.1927	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Esztergom–Budapest
29	Christian Wiyghan Tumi		15.10.1930	CP	28.06.1988 John Paul II	Archbishop of Douala
30	Frédéric Etsou-Nzabi-Bamungwabi		03.12.1930	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Archbishop of Kinshasa
31	Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez		31.10.1936	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Archbishop of Santo Domingo
32	Roger Michael Mahony		27.02.1936	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Archbishop of Los Angeles
33	Camillo Ruini		19.02.1931	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Vicar General for Rome and Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran
34	Henri Schwery		14.06.1932	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Bishop emeritus of Sion
35	Georg Maximilian Sterzinsky		09.02.1936	CP	28.06.1991 John Paul II	Archbishop of Berlin
36	Miloslav Vlk		17.05.1932	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Prague
37	Peter Seiichi Shirayanagi		17.06.1928	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Tokyo
38	Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja		20.12.1934	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Jakarta
39	Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino		18.10.1936	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la Habana
40	Emmanuel Wamala		15.12.1926	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Kampala
41	William Henry Keeler		04.03.1931	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Baltimore
42	Jean-Claude Turcotte		26.06.1936	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Montreal
43	Ricardo María Carles Gordó		24.09.1926	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Barcelona
44	Adam Joseph Maida		18.03.1930	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Detroit
45	Vinko Puljić		08.09.1945	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Vrhbosna
46	Armand Gaetan Razafindratandra		07.08.1925	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Antananarivo
47	Juan Sandoval Íñiguez		28.03.1933	CP	26.11.1994 John Paul II	Archbishop of Guadalajara
48	Salvatore De Giorgi		06.09.1930	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Palermo
49	Antonio María Rouco Varela		20.08.1936	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Madrid
50	Aloysius Matthew Ambrozic		27.01.1930	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Toronto
51	Dionigi Tettamanzi		14.03.1934	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Milan
52	Polycarp Pengo		05.08.1944	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Dar-es-Salaam
53	Christoph Schönborn		22.01.1945	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Vienna
54	Norberto Rivera Carrera		06.06.1942	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Mexico
55	Francis Eugene George		16.01.1937	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Chicago
56	Marian Jaworski		21.08.1926	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Lviv
57	Jānis Pujats		14.11.1930	CP	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Archbishop of Riga
58	Ivan Dias		14.04.1936	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Bombay
59	Geraldo Majella Agnelo		19.10.1933	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia
60	Pedro Rubiano Sáenz		13.09.1932	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Bogotá
61	Theodore Edgar McCarrick		07.07.1930	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Washington
62	Desmond Connell		24.03.1926	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Dublin
63	Audrys Juozas Bačkis		01.02.1937	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Vilnius
64	Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa		05.09.1933	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Santiago de Chile
65	Julio Terrazas Sandoval		07.03.1936	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Santa Cruz de la Sierra
66	Wilfrid Fox Napier		08.03.1941	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Durban
67	Óscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga		29.12.1942	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Tegucigalpa
68	Bernard Agré		02.03.1926	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Abidjan
69	Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne		28.12.1943	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Lima
70	Francisco Álvarez Martínez		14.07.1925	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop emeritus of Toledo
71	Cláudio Hummes		08.08.1934	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of São Paulo
72	Varkey Vithayathil		29.05.1927	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Major Archbishop of Ernakulam–Angamaly
73	Jorge Mario Bergoglio		17.12.1936	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Buenos Aires
74	José da Cruz Policarpo		26.02.1936	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Patriarch of Lisbon
75	Severino Poletto		18.03.1933	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Turin
76	Cormac Murphy-O'Connor		24.08.1932	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of Westminster
77	Edward Michael Egan		02.04.1932	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Archbishop of New York
78	Lubomyr Husar		26.02.1933	CP	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Major Archbishop of Kiev–Galicia
79	Karl Lehmann		16.05.1936	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Bishop of Mainz
80	Angelo Scola		07.11.1941	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Patriarch of Venice
81	Anthony Olubunmi Okogie		16.06.1936	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Lagos
82	Bernard Panafieu		26.01.1931	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Marseille
83	Gabriel Zubeir Wako		27.02.1941	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Khartoum
84	Carlos Amigo Vallejo		23.08.1934	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Seville
85	Justin Francis Rigali		19.04.1935	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Philadelphia
86	Keith Michael Patrick O'Brien		17.03.1938	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh
87	Eusébio Oscar Scheid		08.12.1932	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro
88	Ennio Antonelli		18.11.1936	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Florence
89	Tarcisio Bertone		02.12.1934	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Genoa
90	Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson		11.10.1948	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Cape Coast
91	Telesphore Placidus Toppo		15.10.1939	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Ranchi
92	George Pell		08.06.1941	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Sydney
93	Josip Bozanić		20.03.1949	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Zagreb
94	Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn		05.03.1934	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Ho Chi Minh City
95	Rodolfo Quezada Toruño		08.03.1932	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Guatemala
96	Philippe Barbarin		17.10.1950	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Lyon
97	Péter Erdő		25.06.1952	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest
98	Marc Ouellet		08.06.1944	CP	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archbishop of Quebec
99	Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez		23.12.1926	CD	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
100	Darío Castrillón Hoyos		04.07.1929	CD	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy and President of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei
101	James Francis Stafford		26.07.1932	CD	21.02.1998 John Paul II	Major Penitentiary
102	Agostino Cacciavillan		14.08.1926	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	President emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
103	Sergio Sebastiani		11.04.1931	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
104	Zenon Grocholewski		11.10.1939	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education
105	José Saraiva Martins		06.01.1932	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
106	Crescenzio Sepe		02.06.1943	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
107	Mario Francesco Pompedda		18.04.1929	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	Prefect emeritus of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
108	Walter Kasper		05.03.1933	CD	21.02.2001 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
109	Jean-Louis Tauran		05.04.1943	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church
110	Renato Raffaele Martino		23.11.1932	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
111	Francesco Marchisano		25.06.1929	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President of the Labour Office of the Apostolic See
112	Julián Herranz Casado		31.03.1930	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
113	Javier Lozano Barragán		26.01.1933	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers
114	Stephen Fumio Hamao		09.03.1930	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People
115	Attilio Nicora		16.03.1937	CD	21.10.2003 John Paul II	President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See

Not in attendance

Cardinal electors by continent and by country

The 115 attending cardinal electors were from 52 countries on all six inhabited continents; the countries with the greatest number of cardinal electors were Italy, the United States and, jointly, Germany and Spain.
indicating the number of cardinal electors in attendance from each country

Continent	Number	Percentage
Africa	11
North America	22
South America	12
Asia	10
Europe*	58
Oceania	2
Total	115	100.0%

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