Cameroon Armed Forces
The Cameroon Armed Forces is the official national military of the Republic of Cameroon. The armed forces number 14,200 personal in ground, air, and naval forces. There are approximately 12,500 troops in the army across three military regions. Approximately 1,300 troops are part of the Cameroonian Navy, which is headquartered at Douala. Under 400 troops are part of the Air Force. There is an additional 9,000 paramilitary troops that serve as a gendarmerie or reconnaissance role.
The Cameroonian armed forces have bases spread all over Cameroon, including in Ngaoundéré. Air Force bases are located in Garoua, Yaoundé, Douala and Bamenda.
It generally has been an apolitical force where civilian control of the military predominates. Traditional dependence on the French defense capability, although reduced, continues to be the case as French military advisers remain closely involved in preparing the Cameroonian forces for deployment to the contested Bakassi Peninsula.
"China has an ongoing military-military relationship with Cameroon, which includes training for Cameroonian military students each year in China, technical advisors to assist in repairing Cameroonian military vehicles and naval vessels, and Chinese military sales."
Army
With 12,500 troops the Army remains the most important component in terms of numbers. The Army is under the responsibility of the Chief of Staff, Major-General Nkoa Atenga, whose staff is in Yaoundé.Currently the organization dates from 2001 with a distribution in several types of units: combat units, response units, unités de soutien et d'appui, and finally special reserve units as part of 3 joint military régions and the 10 military land sectors.
Army units have been trained and equipped to fight in the swampy coastal terrain facing the Bakassi peninsula. Although prepared for an armed conflict with Nigeria in recent years, the Cameroon Army does not have operational experience against other forces, therefore, it is not possible to assess its ability to respond to changing threats and opposing tactics.
Combat units of the army include:
- The Headquarters Brigade, located in Yaoundé. This brigade is responsible for protecting the capital and supporting the institutions. The President of the Republic has to allow any of its deployments.
- Three command and support battalions;
- The Rapid Intervention Battalion
- The , and is made up of three rapid response battalions, stationed in Douala, Tiko and Koutaba. These three battalions are respectively the Special Amphibious Battalion, the Bataillon des Troupes Aéroportées, and the Armored Reconnaissance Battalion equipped with Type 07P infantry fighting vehicle and PTL-02 tank destroyer bought recently from China. The BSA is inspired by the French Special Forces. This brigade is a tactical battle unit under the authority of the Chief of Staff of the armed forces. For this to be engaged, the President’s agreement is necessary.
- Five motorised infantry brigades, supposed to be stationed in one military sector but which can then be engaged without any regard to the territorial division of the country. These brigades currently do not have a general staff. In theory, they consist of 11 motorised infantry battalions; 5 support battalions and 3 backing battalions; however, the motorised battalions are in reality not operational due to a lack of staff, equipment and vehicles.
Organization
- RMIA1
- RMIA2
- RMIA3
- RMIA4
- RMIA5
1st Military Region
- 11th Ebolowa Brigade:
- * 11th BCS in Ebolowa
- * 12th BIM in Ebolowa
- * 12th BIM at Djoum
- * 13th BIM at Ambam
- * 11th BA at Sangmélima
- 12th Bertoua brigade
- * 12th BCS in Bertoua
- * 14th BIM in Bertoua
- *15th BIM to Yokadouma
- *16th BIM at Garoua-Boulaï
- *12th BA in Bertoua
2nd Military Region
- Rapid Intervention Brigade
- * Headquarters at Bafoussam
- *Special Amphibious Battalion at Tiko
- *Airborne Battalion in Koutaba
- *Armored Reconnaissance Battalion in Douala
- 21st Motorized infantry brigade of Buéa
- * 21st BCS in Buéa
- * 21 BIM in Buéa
- * 22nd BIM at Mamfé
- * 23rd BIM at Loum
- * 24th BIM at Akwaya
- * 21st BA in Kumba
- 201st Douala Air Base
- * 21st Air Transport Squadron
- *211st Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
- *212nd Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
- *22nd Air Squadron
- *221st Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
- *222nd Reconnaissance Squadron
Army Equipment
Origin | Type | Acquired | Notes | |
WMA301 Assaulter | Tank destroyer | 12 | ||
Type 07P | Infantry Fighting Vehicle | 20 | ||
Ratel IFV | Infantry Fighting Vehicle | 12 | ||
Panhard AML-90 | Armoured Car | 31 | 31 AML-90 Delivered via Bosnian Army in 2002 | |
M8 Greyhound | Armoured car | 10 | Delivered from France | |
M5 Half-track | Armoured personnel carrier | 5 | ||
M3 Half-track | Armoured personnel carrier | 3 | ||
Véhicule Blindé Léger | Armoured Scout Car | 5 | ||
ACMAT Bastion | Armoured personnel carrier | 38 | 23 arrived 2015-2016 and 15 in 2017 | |
Gaia Automotive Industries Thunder Mk-1 APC | Armoured personnel carrier | 18 | ||
RAM-2000 | Armoured personnel carrier | 5 | ||
Ferret armoured car | Armoured Car | 8 | Probably out of service | |
Panthera T6 | UAE | Armoured Car | At least 2 | Used by Rapid Intervention Battalion |
Cadillac Gage Commando | Armoured Car | 51 | Including 20mm Autocannon and 81mm Mortar Carrier versions | |
Cougar | Infantry mobility vehicle | 6 | ||
General Dynamics Land Systems PKSV | MRAP | 27 | ||
ACMAT VLRA TPK-BL | Truck | 30 | ||
130 mm towed field gun M1954 | Field gun | 22 | ||
M101 howitzer | Howitzer | 16 | ||
M116 howitzer | Howitzer | 5 | ||
Soltam M-71 | Howitzer | 18 | ||
BM-21 Grad | Multiple rocket launcher | 20+? | 20 Delivered from Romania in 1995. Some more from an unknown source in the 2010s. | |
Mortier 120mm Rayé Tracté Modèle F1 | Mortar | 16 | ||
Cardom | Self-propelled mortar | 8 to 18 | ||
BGM-71 TOW | Anti-tank missile | 24 | 250 Missiles and 24 launchers delivered in 1990 | |
MILAN | Anti-tank missile | 6 | 6 launchers and 60 missiles delivered in 1982 | |
HOT | Anti-tank missile | 40 | 40 missiles delivered for SA-342L Helicopters | |
M40 recoilless rifle | Recoilless rifle | 40 | M40A2 Version in service | |
M20 recoilless rifle | Recoilless rifle | 13 | Type 56 Version in use | |
Exocet | Anti-ship missile | 15 | ||
Plessey Radar Limited/BAE Systems Watchman | Air search radar | 1 | 1 radar delivered from UK in 1984 | |
ZPU-2 | Anti-aircraft gun | 16 | ||
Type 63 anti-aircraft gun | Anti-aircraft gun | 18 | Used on ground mount | |
37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 | Anti-aircraft gun | 18 | ||
Oerlikon GDF | Anti-aircraft gun | 21 |
Cameroonian Air Force
The air force has bases in Garoua, Koutaba, Yaoundé, Douala and Bamenda. The Cameroonian Air Force was founded in 1960, the year of independence from France. There are under 400 troops in the air force. Cameroon's Air Force has 9 combat-capable aircraft.Cameroon Navy
There are about 1,300 troops in the navy including naval infantry.History
Around May 1999, Philip Njaru wrote a newspaper article where he alleged ill-treatment of civilians conducted by the 21st Navy Battalion based in Ekondo-Titi. In late May Njaru was approached by the local captain who asked Njaru "to stop writing such articles and to disclose his sources". Refusing to do this, Njaru five days later found his house encircled by armed soldiers, and escaped to Kumba. Here, he was assaulted by police in June 2001, with no particular reason stated. Njaru complained to the local authorities, but later learned that "his complaint had not been received".Cameroon's Marine Nationale République modernised and increased its capabilities during 2000 with the acquisition of a number of small Rodman patrol craft and the retirement of some small older craft. A number of small patrol boats have been acquired or ordered from France. Latest estimates indicate naval strength consists of two combat patrol vessels, three coastal patrol vessels and approximately 30 smaller inshore and river patrol craft allocated to both the navy and the local gendarmerie. These include two 135 tonne Yunnan-class landing craft, which are able to carry and launch smaller craft for troop insertions. Some effort has been made to assess equipment needs to bring L'Audacieux P103 and Bakassi P104 to an effective combat status. This has resulted in weapons capabilities being reduced in favour of an increase in serviceability and the service is now effectively without missile attack capabilities. Bakassi completed a major refit at Lorient, France in August 1999. This included removing the Exocet missile system and EW equipment, and fitting a funnel aft of the mainmast to replace the waterline exhausts. New radars were also installed. Bakassi is now armed only with 40 mm cannon. Although the Bizerte class L'Audacieux is fitted for SS-12M missiles these are not embarked and its operational status is in some doubt, having not been reported at sea since 1995. The Quartier-Maître Alfred Moto patrol boat was listed as out of service in 1991 but has since been reactivated.
Ships
List of active ships.- 1: DIPIKAR patrol boat
- 2: FRA P-48
- 6: Rodman 101/46
- 1: Quartier class
- 3: Boston Whaler patrol boats
- 1: Bakassi class patrol boat
- 1: L’Audacieux class missile FAC
- 1: Alfred Motto class patrol craft
- 20: Swiftships type river boats
- 2: Yunnan landing craft utility
- 8: Simoneau
- 2: Aresa 2400 CPV Defender patrol boats
- 1: Aresa 2300 landing craft
- 6: Aresa 750 Commandos RIBs
- 5: 1200 Stealth RIBs
- 1: 1200 Defcon RIB
- 2: P108 and P109 patrol boats
Gendarmerie
The Gendarmerie is a paramilitary force composed of about 9,000 soldiers as of 2016. It performs both law enforcement and national security responsibilities across the country.Military education
After an initial period of development, training requirements were formalized in an April 1967 per government decree. There was a shortage of Cameroonian instructors at that time. The two educational institutions of the nation are the following:- Combined Services Military Academy : It is the interforce academy for officers, being the educational center for future officers of the armed forces and the National Gendarmerie. It was established in 1959 and inaugurated on 18 January 1961. No officers were graduated until 1970. Every graduation of cadets takes place on 18 January.
- Non-Commissioned Officer Training School