The station here was built and opened by the Barry Railway in December 1888 and just east of the station, the Barry Railway Company's main line from Cadoxton South Junction via to Junction in the Rhondda Valley ran and was opened in 1889. It was very busy from the outset and later with Biglis Junction a short distance to the north-east, the former Taff Vale Railway's coastal Penarth branch from Cogan Junction joined the Barry Company's Cadoxton-Cogan Junction extension towards what was up to 1964, subsequently changed to Cardiff Central. This network thus served the then newly commissioned, rail-served Barry Docks complex. A major yard at Cadoxton North north of Cadoxton South Junction was built in the early 1890s to handle the large numbers of coal trains brought down to the docks for coal export and the community of Cadoxton soon grew substantially to house the railway workers employed there, which in turn led to increasing levels of passenger traffic using the station. The arrival of the Taff Vale Railway's coastal route from via Lavernock in 1890, the completion of the branch to in 1896 and the opening of the Vale of Glamorgan Line two years after that, added even greater volumes of both passengers and goods passing through - by 1910 the docks had surpassed neighbouring Cardiff's as the busiest in South Wales for coal exports and subsequently became the biggest coal export dock in the world by 1913. The majority of passenger services ran to/from Cardiff but the line via the Wenvoe Tunnel was used by trains to and from via Pontypridd Graig from 1896 onwards and the VoG line had a passenger service to/from Bridgend from its opening in 1898 until closure in 1964. Service frequencies were kept relatively low on the Wenvoe line however in order to accommodate the high volumes of freight, with six trains per day each way the standard frequency for many years. Traffic levels declined significantly after World War II, with road competition leading to a significant drop in usage on all of the routes serving the station, especially in the summer months. This led to British Railways closing many of the routes to passengers in the 1960s - the Pontypridd line was the first to go in September 1962, whilst the Vale of Glamorgan and Penarth lines both fell victim to the Beeching Axe, leaving only the Cardiff to Barry Island line still open. Of the three that lost their passenger trains,, only the Cardiff-Barry Island and Cardiff-Bridgend via Llantwit Major ) services remain, with many through trains from Valley termini, such as Aberdare, Treherbert, Merthyr and Rhymney. Cadoxton-Pontypridd and Penarth-Cadoxton were closed completely and the tracks lifted by 1970. The yard also suffered a similar fate, with the sidings dismantled after the abandonment of the Wenvoe 'main line' in March 1963 and the site subsequently redeveloped for housing. The decline in routes serving the station has had a consequent effect on the layout here, with only two of the four original platforms now in use. Some freight traffic bound for the remaining rail-connected parts of the docks still passes through along with that heading further west, but many of the flows that once ran to the docks have now ceased. By October 2019, it was apparent that coal deliveries to Aberthaw "B" power station had ceased and it had been announced that the Power station was to close in the spring of 2020. The Ford factory at Bridgend was also to close in 2020 but on a better note, there had been some considerable flow of cement delivery by rail from Tarmac's Aberthaw cement works during 2018 and 2019.
Facilities
The station has a small "drop off and pick up only" car park in Station Approach. The current ticket office in the station building is open six days per week. A self-service ticket machine is provided for use outside these times and for collecting pre-paid tickets. Train running information is offered via digital CIS displays and timetable poster boards. By the summer of 2019, Network Rail was installing a new footbridge with accessible lifts to both platforms and this was nearing completion by October 2019. It was funded through UK Government’s ‘Access for All’ programme, with match funding from Welsh Government.
Services
Monday to Saturday daytimes there is a 15-minute frequency northbound to Cardiff Central and beyond. Southbound there are 3 trains per hour to Barry Island and an hourly service to Bridgend via Rhoose. Evenings and Sundays there is a generally a half-hourly service to Cardiff Central. In the evenings there is an hourly service southbound to Barry Island and Bridgend whilst on Sundays, it is half-hourly to Barry Island and every two hours to Bridgend.
