Busycon is a genus of very large edible sea snails, marinegastropodmollusks in the subfamilyBusyconinae. These snails are commonly known in the United States as whelks or Busycon whelks. Less commonly they are loosely, and somewhat misleadingly, called "conchs". Busycon comes from the Greekbousykon meaning large fig, from bous meaning cow and sykon meaning fig.
Shells of species in this genus can grow to a length of 40 cm. They all have a long siphonal canal. The shells are generally a solid cream, light grey or tan in color, however the shell of the lightning whelk is marked with brown and white streaks. The shell of individuals can sometimes vary quite widely in coloration and sculpture.
Behavior
Busycon whelks are scavengers and carnivores, equipped with a proboscis tipped with a file-like radula used to bore holes through the shells of barnacles, clams, crabs, and lobsters. They have a large, muscular foot with which they hold their victims. Small sharks, gulls, crabs, and other gastropods are known to feed upon them. The knobbed whelk, Busycon carica, is the second-largest species, growing up to 30 cm long. They have tubercles along the shoulder. They open clams with their muscular foot and insert their long proboscis to digest the flesh. The knobbed whelk is a common predator of the foreshoremudflats as far offshore as 50 m.
Eggs
Strings of Busycon whelk egg capsules commonly wash ashore and desiccate, becoming brittle. These objects are sometimes called mermaid's necklaces because they resemble a large necklace strung with medallion-shaped egg pouches. Each pouch of the string contains numerous protoconchs, similar in appearance to adults but with fewer whorls and less sculpture.
When used for cooking in the United States, busycon whelks are sometimes called scungilli, an Italian-American adaptation of the Neapolitansconciglio which means the meat of a sea snail.
Busycon lindajoyceae Petuch, 1991 †: synonym of Lindafulgur lindajoyceae †
Busycon lyonsi Petuch, 1987: synonym of Lindafulgur lyonsi
Busycon muricatum Röding, 1798: synonym of Busycon carica
Busycon perversum - Lightning whelk: synonym of Sinistrofulgur perversum
Busycon plagosum Conrad, 1862: synonym of Fulguropsis plagosa
Busycon pulleyi - Prickly whelk: synonym of Sinistrofulgur pulleyi
Busycon sinistrum Hollister, 1958: synonym of Sinistrofulgur sinistrum
The following species have been moved from Busycon to the genus Busycotypus
Busycotypus canaliculatus Channeled whelk. Busycotypus canaliculatus, is slightly smaller than the knobbed whelk, and has a smooth shell with a deep square channel which is continuous on all the whorls, just below the suture of the shell.
