In Bulgarian, there are two types of personal pronouns : full and short. The full are used with both verbs and prepositions, whereas the clitic only with verbs. As in English, personal pronouns change depending on their function within the sentence, Accusative and Dative. The dative clitic forms can also be used to indicate possession. The subject forms are always strong and are used as subjects only when special emphasis is intended, since unstressed subjects recoverable from context are not overtly expressed anyway. In some special cases the full and the short forms of the object pronouns can be used together. †The full forms are rather archaic and are usually substituted by accusative constructions: на мен/на мене, на теб/на тебе, на него, на нея, на нас, на вас, на тях.
Possessive pronouns
There are two types of possessive pronouns: full and short. The full pronouns agree in gender and number with the modified noun and are usually put before it, the short forms are invariable and are put after the noun. The stressed forms can be definite or indefinite " while "моята раница" means "the only rucksack of mine" or "the rucksack of mine of which we have already spoken, depending on whether the noun they modify is definite or indefinite, but only the first constituent of the definite noun phrase is used with an article. The full pronouns can also be used alone when its clear from the context which is the noun they refer to.
Interrogative pronouns
s refer to an unknown person, object, quality or quantity and agree with the noun they denote in gender and number. Personal interrogative pronouns have two cases Nominative and Genitive. They are also used with nonhuman beings. Quality interrogative pronouns are used for asking one to specify the word in question. They are translated in English as what/what kind of/what sort of. There is only one interrogative pronoun for quantity—колко—and it doesn't have any gender or number forms. It is used before plural nouns to ask about their quantity, and before an adjective or adverb to ask about the extent, degree, age, etc. of something or somebody.
Demonstrative pronouns
s agree in number and gender with the noun they refer to. There are three types of demonstrative pronouns: for persons and objects, for quality and for quantity. Each demonstrative can not only modify a noun, but also be used on its own. Personal demonstrative pronouns have two forms: for nouns that are close to the speaker or writer and for far nouns. Quality pronouns also have two forms: positive, that specifies that the noun has a particular quality and negative, that specifies that the noun doesn't have a particular quality or has a different one. The demonstrative pronoun for quantity толкова is used with nouns and adjectives. It both specifies the exact quantity of something – this many/this much, and indicates the large extent or degree of something – so .
There are two kinds of reflexive pronouns : personal and possessive. Both have two forms: full and short. Reflexive pronouns do not have grammatical person. Personal reflexive pronouns have accusative and dative forms. Possessive reflexive pronouns agree in gender, number and definiteness only with the owned noun, not with the possessor. They are used when the subject of the verb owns the object. For example: "Аз виждам своя брат".
Summative pronouns
There are three types of summative pronouns : personal, for quality and for quantity. They all agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. Personal summative pronouns are used with both singular and plural nouns or on their own and mean all the things or people belonging to a group of one or more – . When the personal summative pronounвсеки refers to a person and is used without a noun, it has accusative and dative forms – всекиго and всекиму respectively. Quality summative nouns are used for specifying that the noun they refer to possesses all kinds of qualities – all kinds/sorts/types of. Quantity summative pronouns are always definite and mean the whole number/amount of something – all . The indefinite neuter form also means everything. The summative pronouns for quantity are rarely used in singular. The adjective цял is used with a definite article instead: целият/целия, цялата, цялото.
Negative pronouns
There are three kinds of negative pronouns : personal, for quality and for quantity. The personal negative pronouns have Nominative and Genitive forms. Unlike in English, in Bulgarian the word for nothing is not only a negative pronoun – нищо, but also a neuter noun ; as a noun it can have a definite article – нищото.
Indefinite pronouns
There are three types of indefinite pronouns : personal, for quality and for quantity.. The personal indefinite pronouns have Nominative and Genitive forms; again the masculine form has also Accusative and Dative forms. Unlike in English, in Bulgarian the word for something is not only an indefinite pronoun – нещо, but also a neuter noun ; as a noun it can have a definite article – нещото.
Relative pronouns
The relative pronouns are formed from the corresponding interrogative pronouns by adding -то to the end of the word. They are used for introducing a relative clause.
