Bulgarian cuisine
Bulgarian cuisine is a representative of the Mediterranean cuisine of Southeast Europe. It shares characteristics with other Balkan cuisines. Bulgarian cooking traditions are diverse because of geographical factors such as climatic conditions suitable for a variety of vegetables, herbs and fruit. Aside from the vast variety of local Bulgarian dishes.
Bulgarian food often incorporates salads as appetizers and is also noted for the prominence of dairy products, wines and other alcoholic drinks such as rakia. The cuisine also features a variety of soups, such as the cold soup tarator, and pastries, such as the filo dough based banitsa, pita and the various types of börek.
Main courses are very typically water-based stews, either vegetarian or with lamb, goat meat, veal, chicken or pork. Deep-frying is not common, but grilling - especially different kinds of sausages - is very prominent. Pork is common, often mixed with veal or lamb, although fish and chicken are also widely used. While most cattle are bred for milk production rather than meat, veal is popular for grilling meat appetizers and in some main courses. As a substantial exporter of lamb, Bulgaria's own consumption is notable, especially in the spring.
Similarly to other Balkan cultures the per capita consumption of yogurt among Bulgarians is traditionally higher than the rest of Europe. The country is notable as the historical namesake for Lactobacillus bulgaricus, a microorganism chiefly responsible for the local variety of the dairy product.
Bulgarian cuisine shares a number of dishes with the Middle Eastern cuisine, as well as a limited number with the Indian, particularly Gujarat cuisine. The culinary exchange with the East started as early as the 7th century, when traders started bringing herbs and spices to the First Bulgarian Empire from India and Persia via the Roman and later Byzantine empires. This is evident from the wide popularity of dishes like moussaka, gyuvetch, kyufte and baklava, which are common in Middle Eastern cuisine today. White brine cheese called "sirene", similar to feta, is also a popular ingredient used in salads and a variety of pastries.
Holidays are often observed in conjunction with certain meals. On Christmas Eve, for instance, tradition requires vegetarian stuffed peppers and cabbage leaf sarmi, New Year's Eve usually involves cabbage dishes, Nikulden fish, while Gergyovden is typically celebrated with roast lamb.
Turkish influence
As in many areas of the Balkans that were formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, food in Bulgaria is influenced by Turkish cuisine and Ottoman cuisine—ayran, baklava, gyuvech, and moussaka are all of Ottoman derivation.Traditional Bulgarian foods
Bulgarian breakfast
- Banitsa — breakfast pastry of eggs, white cheese, and yogurt between phyllo layers
Cold cuts
- Banski starets — spicy sausage, native to the Bansko region.
- Elenski but — air-cured ham sausage, seasoned with herbs
- Lukanka — spicy salami of minced beef and pork
- Pastarma — spicy beef sausage; a variant of Anatolian dried meat, called pastourmas to Greeks, bastirma in Azerbaijanis, and basterma to Arabs
- Sujuk — flat cured, dark red sausage, common in the Balkans, Eastern Mediterranean, and North Africa
Soups and stews
- Gyuvech — spicy vegetable stew, cooked in a clay pot
- Supa ot kopriva
- Tarator — cold soup of cucumbers, garlic, yogurt and dill
- Shkembe chorba — spicy soup made of tripe, reputed in Bulgaria to be a "hangover cure"
- Bob chorba — hot bean soup
- * Smilyanski fasul — Smilyan bean soup
- Pacha — a sour lamb's-trotter soup," with sour ingredients such as pickles, bitter fruit, or vinegar in the broth
- Zelenchukova supa — a vegetable-based soup
- Gubena supa — forest mushroom soup
- Ribena chorba — a fish soup made with thyme and fresh lovage
Salads
- Ovcharska salata — shopska salad, with the addition of grated egg, mushrooms, and sometimes ham.
- Ruska salata — salad with potatoes, carrots, gherkins, and mayonnaise
- Shopska salad — a common salad of chopped cucumbers, onions, peppers, and tomatoes with white cheese
- Snezhanka — chopped cucumbers with yogurt, dill, garlic, and often walnuts
- Turshiya — pickled vegetables, such as celery, beets, cauliflower, and cabbage, popular in wintertime; variations are selska turshiya and tsarska turshiya.
Sauces, relishes, and appetizers
- Lyutenitsa — purée of tomatoes, red peppers, and carrots, often served on bread and topped with white cheese
- Kyopulu — roasted eggplant and bell peppers, mashed with parsley and garlic and other ingredients
- Ljutika — spicy sauce
- Podluchen sauce or yogurt sauce — yogurt with garlic, oil, paprika, salt and sometimes dill.
- Katino meze—Hot starter with chopped pork meat, onion, mushrooms with fresh butter and spices.
- Drob po selski — chopped liver with onion and peppers
- Ezik v maslo — sliced tongue in butter
- Sirene pane — breaded Bulgarian brine white cheese bites
- Kashkaval pane — breaded kashkaval bites
- Mussels in butter — with onion and fresh herbs, traditionally from Sozopol
Skara (grill)
- Kyufte
- Kebapche
- Parjola
- Shishcheta
- Karnache
- Nadenitsa
- Tatarsko kyufte
- Nevrozno kyufte
- Chicken in caul
- Cheverme
- Meshana skara : consists of kebapche, kyufte, shishche and karnache or nadenitsa
- Grilled vegetables
- Grilled fish
Main dishes
- Gyuvech
- Yahniya
- Plakiya
- Sarma
- Drob Sarma
- Wine, Tepsi or Tas kebab
- Kavarma
- Kapama
- Mish Mash
- Pilaf
- Moussaka
- Chomlek
- Mlin
- Stuffed courgettes
- Pulneni chushki—Bulgarian stuffed bell peppers
- Peppers börek
- Roasted beans
- Beans with sausage
- Pork with rice
- Roasted Chicken with Potatoes
- Pork with Cabbage
- Chicken with Cabbage
- Roasted Potatoes
- Drusan kebab
- Rice with chicken
- Tatarian Meatball
- Meatball with White Sauce Stew
- Kjufteta po Chirpanski
- Meatloaf 'Rulo "Stephanie"'
- Potato balls with Sauce
- Panagyurishte-Style Eggs
- Fried Courgettes with Yogurt Sauce
- Chicken in katmi
- Fish Zelnik
- Fish in pastry
- Stuffed Carp or Nikuldenski Carp
Breads and pastries
- Pita
- Sweet Pita
- Pita with Meat
- Pogacha
- Kravai
- Kolach
- Banitsa
- Tikvenik
- Zelnik
- Baklava
- Saraliya
- Parlenki
- Patatnik
- Kachamak
- Byal Mazh
- Tutmanik
- Milinka
- Gevrek
- Kozunak
- Mekitsi
- Marudnitsi
- Katmi
- Palachinki
- Langidi
- Tiganitsi
- Dudnik
- Popara
- Sulovar
- Parjeni filii, "fried toasts"
- Kiflichki with jam or white cheese
- Solenki
- Yufka
- Trienitsa or Skrob
- Trahana
Dairy products
- Sirene — soft and salty white brine cheese; appears in many Bulgarian dishes
- Kashkaval — hard yellow cheese, often used in appetizers. kashkaval Vitosha is made from cow's milk, while kashkaval Balkan is made from ewe's milk
- Kiselo mlyako —Bulgarian yogurt, produced using Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus; used in many Bulgarian dishes
- Smetana — sour cream
- Izvara — cottage cheese, quark
- Katak — a "traditional fermented curd/yogurt-like product"
Sweets
with walnuts.
-based halva with pistachios
for orthodox Easter
.
- Pumpkin Dessert
- Baklava
- Buhti with yogurt
- Tolumbi - Fried schuh pastry cakes soakes in syrup which is usually made with honey
- Cookies "Peach" or Praskovki
- Fruit bread
- Garash cake
- Katmi with jam or honey or cheese
- Kazanlak Donuts
- Kazanlak Korabii - Scone like pastry that is egg washed and sprinkled with sugar
- Keks - similar to marble cake
- Kompot
- Kozunak
- Kurabiiki
- Lokum
- Maslenki
- Milk with Rice
- Oshav
- Tart with cherries or sour cherries
- Tart with different fruits
- Tatlii
- Tikvenik
- Tulumbichki
Spices and herbs
- Summer savory
- Spearmint
- Sharena sol
Other staples
- Yoghurt
- Honey
Traditional Bulgarian drinks
Wine
- Mavrud
- Pamid
- Gamza
- Melnik wine
- Dimyat
- Misket
- Muskat
- Nohan or Lipa
- Divachka
- Shivka
- Rubin
- Tamyanka
Distilled liquors
- Rakia
- * Slivovitsa
- * Gyulova Rakia
- * Muskat Rakia
- Mastika
- Menta
Beer
- Ariana
- Astika
- Boliarka
- Burgasko
- Britos
- Kamenitza
- Ledenika
- Lomsko
- MM
- Pirinsko
- Plevensko
- Shumensko
- Stolichno
- Zagorka
Fermented beverages
- Boza
- Ayran or Ayryan
- Matenitsa
Hot beverages
- Tea
- Greyana Rakiya
- Greyano Vino