The bowl marked the return of post-season football to the city of Birmingham, which previously hosted the Dixie Bowl from 1947 to 1948, the Hall of Fame Classic from 1977 to 1985, and the All-American Bowl from 1986 to 1990. In the inaugural edition of the bowl, played on December 23, 2006, the South Florida Bulls defeated the East Carolina Pirates, 24–7, in front of a crowd of 32,023. Running back Benjamin Williams of South Florida scored the bowl's first points on a 16-yard touchdown run less that two minutes into the game; he added a second touchdown during the first quarter and was named the game's MVP. After being held in December for its first three years, the fourth edition of the bowl was played in January 2010. As a result, there was no game during the 2009 calendar year. The bowl was subsequently played in January through its ninth edition, held in January 2015. The tenth edition of the bowl saw a return to December, resulting in two editions of the bowl being played during calendar year 2015. The bowl remained in December through its 13th edition, held in December 2018. The 14th edition of the bowl was held in January 2020, thus there was no game during calendar year 2019. With construction of a new football stadium on the grounds of the Birmingham–Jefferson Convention Complex, scheduled for completion in 2021, the Birmingham Bowl "would likely move to the new stadium."
Conference tie-ins
The bowl originally had a four-year agreement with Conference USA to match a representative of that conference against an opponent from the Big East Conference, but the bowl's officials later appealed to the NCAA for a recertification which was granted in late April 2008. In 2008 and 2009, the bowl featured the ninth bowl-eligible team of the Southeastern Conference and a team from the Big East Conference. The game currently features teams from the SEC and the American Athletic Conference. Should either of these conferences not fulfill their bowl commitments, a team from C-USA or the Mid-American Conference will take their place, provided it is bowl eligible. Otherwise, the game will choose an at-large team. This happened in 2008, when the SEC was unable to send a team; the bowl selected North Carolina State of the Atlantic Coast Conference to face Rutgers from the Big East, even though bowl had an arrangement with the Sun Belt Conference at the time, and that conference had at least one bowl-eligible team it could send.
Sponsorship
From 2006 through 2010, the game was the PapaJohns.com Bowl, named after Papa John's Pizza, who became the title sponsor signing a multi-year agreement in November 2006. On August 6, 2010, Papa John's announced it would not renew its sponsorship, after having secured a sponsorship deal with the National Football League. Following the announcement, the game was temporarily renamed the Birmingham Bowl until BBVA Compass was announced as its title sponsor on November 4, 2010, officially changing its name to the BBVA Compass Bowl. The bowl was sponsored by BBVA through the January 2014 game, following which BBVA Compass declined to renew its sponsorship, and the game was subsequently renamed the Birmingham Bowl. The 2018 edition of the Birmingham Bowl was sponsored by the Jared brand of Sterling Jewelers, and the 2019 edition was sponsored by TicketSmarter.
Updated through the January 2020 edition. ;Teams with multiple appearances ;Teams with a single appearance Won: Auburn, Connecticut, Florida, Ole Miss, Rutgers, SMU, Vanderbilt, Wake Forest Lost: Boston College, Houston, Kentucky, NC State, Southern Miss, Texas Tech
Appearances by conference
Updated through the January 2020 edition.
Games marked with an asterisk were played in January of the following calendar year.
The American record includes appearances of the Big East Conference, as The American retains the charter of the original Big East, following its 2013 realignment. Teams representing the Big East appeared in seven games, compiling a 5–2 record.
Game records
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Media coverage
Except for the first two editions of the bowl, which were televised on ESPN2, the bowl has been televised on ESPN.
