Born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and nicknamed "Scranton Bill", Coughlin played nine seasons in the major leagues. Coughlin had a career batting average of.252 with 159 stolen bases and 123 sacrifice hits, including 36 sacrifice hits in 1906. Coughlin was twice among the AL leaders in home runs during the dead-ball era, with 6 each year in 1901 and 1902. Coughlin began his major league baseball career with Washington's National League club in 1899 but played in only 6 games. Two years later, he joined the newly formed Washington Senators for their inaugural season in the American League. He played with the Senators from 1901 to 1905. Coughlin's best year was 1902, when he had career highs in batting average, on-base percentage, slugging percentage, hits, doubles, home runs, and RBIs. Coughlin was also a strong fielder at 3rd base. He led the American League in putouts by a third baseman in 1901 with 232 and again in 1906 with 188. Over his career, he had 1,269 putouts at third base. His 232 putouts in 1901 is the 8th highest single season total in history by a major league third baseman. Coughlin was purchased by the Tigers on July 31, 1904, for $8,000. From that point through the 1908 season, Coughlin was Detroit's starting third baseman. He was a team leader and was named team captain in the 1907 and 1908 seasons. Coughlin was the captain for the Tigers' first two American League pennant winners in 1907 and 1908. Coughlin hit.258 in the 1907 and 1908 World Series but did not score. The Tigers lost both Series to the Chicago Cubs. Coughlin was a good baserunner. He had 159 stolen bases, including 31 in 1906. He is one of the few MLB players to have stolen 2nd base, 3rd base and home in a single game. He accomplished the feat in June 1906 against the Washington Senators. Coughlin was a light-hitting defensive player, which was common for third basemen of that era. In four years as the Tigers regular third baseman, Scranton Bill never hit higher than.252, and he slugged over.300 just once.
The Detroit Tigers teams of 1906–1908, on which Coughlin played, were among the most colorful groups in baseball history, with the flying spikes of Ty Cobb, on-field antics from Germany Schaefer and Charley O'Leary, fisticuffs from catcher Boss Schmidt, and the shouts, gyrations, and jigs of Hughie "Ee-Yah" Jennings from the third base coaching box. Coughlin's role in this colorful bunch was as the maestro of the hidden ball trick. The hidden ball trick is a play in which the runner is deceived about the location of the ball, in an effort to tag him out. Although no known comprehensive list is known to exist of all times when the hidden ball trick has worked, Coughlin reportedly pulled it off seven times -- more than any other player in MLB history. He pulled it off on May 12, 1905, against Hobe Ferris of the Boston Red Sox. He did it again on September 3, 1906, catching George Stone in the first inning. In Game 2 of the 1907 World Series, Coughlin caught Jimmy Slagle with a hidden ball trick, the only one in World Series history.
Later years
After leaving Major League Baseball, Coughlin became a baseball coach in the minor leagues and then at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. From 1909 to 1917, he was a minor league manager for the Williamsport Millionaires, Allentown, and Scranton Miners. He was a player-manager until 1914. In 1919, Coughlin was involved in the occupation of Germany after World War I. Coughlin conceived and operated a school for umpires run by the Knights of Columbus in occupied Coblenz, Germany. Coughlin taught the umpire candidates to officiate baseball games for the occupying servicement. Coughlin taught his umpires to play "The Star Spangled Banner" if fights erupted among the players, causing "rocks held ready to avenge an unpopular decision" to fall from "reverent hands." After the war, Coughlin became the head baseball coach at Lafayette College, a post he held from 1920 to 1943. He had only one losing season in his 23 seasons at Lafayette. His coaching record at Lafayette was 273-134, a.675 winning percentage. His teams were 52-13 against rival Lehigh and 31-8 against Rutgers. Under Coughlin, the Lafayette baseball program became one of the best in the country. Coughlin was inducted into the Helms FoundationCollege Baseball Hall of Fame in 1954 and the Lafayette College Hall of Fame in 1977. Coughlin died in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1943 at age 64.
